9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
A
MINI PROJECT REPORT
ON
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
220/132KV SUBSTATION
Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Submitted By
V.RAVALIKA (08281A0212)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
KAMALA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
(Affiliated to J.N.T.U, Hyderabad)
SINGAPUR, KARIMNAGAR -505468
(2008-2012)
about:bl 1/
,9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
about:bl 2/
,9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
ABSTRACT
A Substation receives electrical power from generating station via incoming
transmission line and delivers electrical power through feeders and this is used for
controlling the power on different routes. Substations are integral part of a power
system and form important part of transmission and distribution network of electrical
power system.
Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from
the generating stations, reduce the voltage to a value appropriate for local distribution
and provide facilities for switching some sub-station are simply switching stations
different connections between various transmission lines are made, others are
converting sub-stations which either convert AC into DC or vice-versa or convert
frequency from higher to lower or vice-versa.
The various circuits are joined together through these components to a bus-bar
at substation. Basically, Sub-station consists of power transformers, circuit breakers,
relays, isolators, earthing switches, current transformers, voltage transformers,
synchronous condensers/ Capacitor banks etc.
This mini project covers the important equipments & their function in a Sub-
Station. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of Substation
and Checks the observations to be made by Shift Engineer. As a part of case study we
are going to visit a 220/132Kv TRANSCO substation in Warangal.
about:bl 3/
, 9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
CONTENTS
Chapter No TITLE Page no.
List of Abbreviations iii
List of Symbols iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Construction of a substation 1
2 CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTATIONS 3
2.1 According to the requirement 3
2.2 According to the constructional features 4
3 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM 6
3.1 Feeder Circuit 6
3.2 Transformer Circuit 6
3.3 Auxiliary supply 7
4 BRIEF DISCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS IN THE
SUBSTATION 8
4.1 Lightening Arrestors 8
4.2 Earthing 12
4.3 Capacitor Voltage Transformer 13
4.4 Wave Trap 15
4.5 Isolator with ES (Earth Switches) 16
4.6 Instrument Transformers 17
4.7 Circuit Breakers 26
i
about:bl 4/
PM substation
A
MINI PROJECT REPORT
ON
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
220/132KV SUBSTATION
Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Submitted By
V.RAVALIKA (08281A0212)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
KAMALA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
(Affiliated to J.N.T.U, Hyderabad)
SINGAPUR, KARIMNAGAR -505468
(2008-2012)
about:bl 1/
,9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
about:bl 2/
,9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
ABSTRACT
A Substation receives electrical power from generating station via incoming
transmission line and delivers electrical power through feeders and this is used for
controlling the power on different routes. Substations are integral part of a power
system and form important part of transmission and distribution network of electrical
power system.
Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from
the generating stations, reduce the voltage to a value appropriate for local distribution
and provide facilities for switching some sub-station are simply switching stations
different connections between various transmission lines are made, others are
converting sub-stations which either convert AC into DC or vice-versa or convert
frequency from higher to lower or vice-versa.
The various circuits are joined together through these components to a bus-bar
at substation. Basically, Sub-station consists of power transformers, circuit breakers,
relays, isolators, earthing switches, current transformers, voltage transformers,
synchronous condensers/ Capacitor banks etc.
This mini project covers the important equipments & their function in a Sub-
Station. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of Substation
and Checks the observations to be made by Shift Engineer. As a part of case study we
are going to visit a 220/132Kv TRANSCO substation in Warangal.
about:bl 3/
, 9/18/24, 12:56 Operation and Maintenance of a 220 132KV
PM substation
CONTENTS
Chapter No TITLE Page no.
List of Abbreviations iii
List of Symbols iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Construction of a substation 1
2 CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTATIONS 3
2.1 According to the requirement 3
2.2 According to the constructional features 4
3 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM 6
3.1 Feeder Circuit 6
3.2 Transformer Circuit 6
3.3 Auxiliary supply 7
4 BRIEF DISCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS IN THE
SUBSTATION 8
4.1 Lightening Arrestors 8
4.2 Earthing 12
4.3 Capacitor Voltage Transformer 13
4.4 Wave Trap 15
4.5 Isolator with ES (Earth Switches) 16
4.6 Instrument Transformers 17
4.7 Circuit Breakers 26
i
about:bl 4/
