EXPLORING
Social Psychology
Eighth Edition
David G. Myers
Jean M. Twenge
,Exploring Social
Psychology
EIGHTH EDITION
David G. Myers
Hope College
Jean M. Twenge
San Diego State University
,EXPLORING SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, EIGHTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright © 2018 by McGraw-
Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions © 2015, 2012,
and 2009. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored
in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but
not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the
United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LCR 21 20 19 18 17
ISBN 978-1-259-88088-9
MHID 1-259-88088-5
Chief Product Officer, SVP Products & Markets: G. Scott Virkler
Vice President, General Manager, Products & Markets: Michael Ryan
Managing Director: William R. Glass
Brand Manager/Product Developer: Jamie Laferrera
Director, Product Development: Meghan Campbell
Marketing Manager: Meredith Leo
Director, Content Design & Delivery: Terri Schiesl
Program Manager: Debra Hash
Content Project Managers: Sandy Wille; Jodi Banowetz
Buyer: Sandy Ludovissy
Design: Matt Backhaus
Content Licensing Specialist: Melisa Seegmiller
Cover Image: © Rafael López
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
Printer: LSC Communications
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Myers, David G., author. | Twenge, Jean M., 1971— author.
Title: Exploring social psychology / David G. Myers, Hope College, Jean M.
Twenge, San Diego State University.
Description: Eighth edition. | New York, NY : McGraw-Hill Education, [2018]
Identifiers: LCCN 2016040034| ISBN 9781259880889 (alk. paper) |
ISBN 1259880885 (alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Social psychology.
Classification: LCC HM1033 .M94 2018 | DDC 302—dc23 LC record available at
https://lccn.loc.gov/2016040034
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does
not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill Education does not
guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
, About the Authors
S
ince receiving his University of Iowa PhD,
David Myers has professed psychology at
Michigan’s Hope College. Hope College stu-
dents have invited him to be their commencement
speaker and voted him “outstanding professor.”
With support from National Science Foundation
grants, Myers’s research has appeared in some three
dozen scientific books and periodicals, including Sci-
ence, the American Scientist, Psychological Science,
and the American Psychologist.
He has also communicated psychological science
through his articles appearing in four dozen maga-
zines, from Today’s Education to Scientific American,
and through his 17 books, including The Pursuit of
Happiness and Intuition: Its Powers and Perils.
Myers’s research and writings have been recog- Courtesy of Hope College
nized by the Gordon Allport Prize, by an “honored
scientist” award from the Federation of Associations
in the Brain and Behavioral Sciences, and by the Award for Distinguished Service on Be-
half of Personality-Social Psychology.
He has chaired his city’s Human Relations Commission, helped found a center for
families in poverty, and spoken to hundreds of college and community groups. In recogni-
tion of his efforts to transform the way America provides assistive listening for people with
hearing loss (see hearingloop.org), he has received awards from the American Academy of
Audiology and the Hearing Loss Association of America.
David and Carol Myers have three children and one grandchild.
As Professor of Psychology at San Diego State University, Jean M. Twenge has authored in
more than 120 scientific publications on generational differences, cultural change, social
rejection, gender roles, self-esteem, and narcissism. Her research has been covered in Time,
Newsweek, The New York Times, USA Today, U.S. News and World Report, and The
iii
Social Psychology
Eighth Edition
David G. Myers
Jean M. Twenge
,Exploring Social
Psychology
EIGHTH EDITION
David G. Myers
Hope College
Jean M. Twenge
San Diego State University
,EXPLORING SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, EIGHTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright © 2018 by McGraw-
Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions © 2015, 2012,
and 2009. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored
in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but
not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the
United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LCR 21 20 19 18 17
ISBN 978-1-259-88088-9
MHID 1-259-88088-5
Chief Product Officer, SVP Products & Markets: G. Scott Virkler
Vice President, General Manager, Products & Markets: Michael Ryan
Managing Director: William R. Glass
Brand Manager/Product Developer: Jamie Laferrera
Director, Product Development: Meghan Campbell
Marketing Manager: Meredith Leo
Director, Content Design & Delivery: Terri Schiesl
Program Manager: Debra Hash
Content Project Managers: Sandy Wille; Jodi Banowetz
Buyer: Sandy Ludovissy
Design: Matt Backhaus
Content Licensing Specialist: Melisa Seegmiller
Cover Image: © Rafael López
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
Printer: LSC Communications
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Myers, David G., author. | Twenge, Jean M., 1971— author.
Title: Exploring social psychology / David G. Myers, Hope College, Jean M.
Twenge, San Diego State University.
Description: Eighth edition. | New York, NY : McGraw-Hill Education, [2018]
Identifiers: LCCN 2016040034| ISBN 9781259880889 (alk. paper) |
ISBN 1259880885 (alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Social psychology.
Classification: LCC HM1033 .M94 2018 | DDC 302—dc23 LC record available at
https://lccn.loc.gov/2016040034
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does
not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill Education does not
guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
, About the Authors
S
ince receiving his University of Iowa PhD,
David Myers has professed psychology at
Michigan’s Hope College. Hope College stu-
dents have invited him to be their commencement
speaker and voted him “outstanding professor.”
With support from National Science Foundation
grants, Myers’s research has appeared in some three
dozen scientific books and periodicals, including Sci-
ence, the American Scientist, Psychological Science,
and the American Psychologist.
He has also communicated psychological science
through his articles appearing in four dozen maga-
zines, from Today’s Education to Scientific American,
and through his 17 books, including The Pursuit of
Happiness and Intuition: Its Powers and Perils.
Myers’s research and writings have been recog- Courtesy of Hope College
nized by the Gordon Allport Prize, by an “honored
scientist” award from the Federation of Associations
in the Brain and Behavioral Sciences, and by the Award for Distinguished Service on Be-
half of Personality-Social Psychology.
He has chaired his city’s Human Relations Commission, helped found a center for
families in poverty, and spoken to hundreds of college and community groups. In recogni-
tion of his efforts to transform the way America provides assistive listening for people with
hearing loss (see hearingloop.org), he has received awards from the American Academy of
Audiology and the Hearing Loss Association of America.
David and Carol Myers have three children and one grandchild.
As Professor of Psychology at San Diego State University, Jean M. Twenge has authored in
more than 120 scientific publications on generational differences, cultural change, social
rejection, gender roles, self-esteem, and narcissism. Her research has been covered in Time,
Newsweek, The New York Times, USA Today, U.S. News and World Report, and The
iii
