©EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024-2025 September 14, 2024 12:27 PM
Honors Biology Unit 4 Exam Study
Guide
made up of repeating nucleotides; control the cell's activities; makes up the organelles
called CHROMATIN! - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
one 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose), one phosphate group, one nitrogen base -
Answer✔️✔️-nucleotide
Four nitrogen/nitrogenous bases - Answer✔️✔️-adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
nucleotides join together in a long ___; ___ of one joins to the ___ of the next -
Answer✔️✔️-chain; sugar; phosphate
end with phosphate exposed/ left hanging - Answer✔️✔️-5'
3' - Answer✔️✔️-3 prime
5' - Answer✔️✔️-5 prime
end with sugar exposed/left hanging - Answer✔️✔️-3'
Who discovered DNA structure? - Answer✔️✔️-Watson and Crick
Who greatly helped Watson and Crick discover DNA structure? - Answer✔️✔️-Franklin
2 long chains of nucleotides arranged in a spiral (looks like a twisted ladder) -
Answer✔️✔️-double helix
What makes up the sides of a double helix? - Answer✔️✔️-alternating sugars and
phosphates
Page 1 of 6
, ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024-2025 September 14, 2024 12:27 PM
What makes up the "rungs" of a double helix? - Answer✔️✔️-paired nitrogen bases which
are held together by nitrogen bonds
"weak bonds" - Answer✔️✔️-nitrogen bonds
nitrogen bases ALWAYS pair in a certain way/the same way - Answer✔️✔️-base pairing
What is another name for base pairing? - Answer✔️✔️-complimentary pairing
DNA makes up___. - Answer✔️✔️-chromatin
Code for making proteins; these proteins determine the activities and physical features
of the cell - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
carries genetic information... SAYS EVERYTHING ABOUT US/ANY ORGANISM! -
Answer✔️✔️-DNA
a series of 3 nucleotides are codes for one amino acid (and a bunch of amino acids go
into making a protein!!) - Answer✔️✔️-codon/triplet
guarantees that the exact order of nitrogen bases in a molecule of DNA will be
preserved and passed from one generation of cells to the next - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
replication
How many strands of DNA/chromatin/chromosomes do humans have in EVERY cell of
their body? - Answer✔️✔️-46
process of copying the DNA code; new strands of DNA are made from a supply of
nucleotides that float freely in the cell - Answer✔️✔️-replication
sites at which separation and replication occurs - Answer✔️✔️-replication forks
An increase in cell volume causes an increase in the need for ___ and the excretion of
___. - Answer✔️✔️-nutrients; wastes
Page 2 of 6
Honors Biology Unit 4 Exam Study
Guide
made up of repeating nucleotides; control the cell's activities; makes up the organelles
called CHROMATIN! - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
one 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose), one phosphate group, one nitrogen base -
Answer✔️✔️-nucleotide
Four nitrogen/nitrogenous bases - Answer✔️✔️-adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
nucleotides join together in a long ___; ___ of one joins to the ___ of the next -
Answer✔️✔️-chain; sugar; phosphate
end with phosphate exposed/ left hanging - Answer✔️✔️-5'
3' - Answer✔️✔️-3 prime
5' - Answer✔️✔️-5 prime
end with sugar exposed/left hanging - Answer✔️✔️-3'
Who discovered DNA structure? - Answer✔️✔️-Watson and Crick
Who greatly helped Watson and Crick discover DNA structure? - Answer✔️✔️-Franklin
2 long chains of nucleotides arranged in a spiral (looks like a twisted ladder) -
Answer✔️✔️-double helix
What makes up the sides of a double helix? - Answer✔️✔️-alternating sugars and
phosphates
Page 1 of 6
, ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024-2025 September 14, 2024 12:27 PM
What makes up the "rungs" of a double helix? - Answer✔️✔️-paired nitrogen bases which
are held together by nitrogen bonds
"weak bonds" - Answer✔️✔️-nitrogen bonds
nitrogen bases ALWAYS pair in a certain way/the same way - Answer✔️✔️-base pairing
What is another name for base pairing? - Answer✔️✔️-complimentary pairing
DNA makes up___. - Answer✔️✔️-chromatin
Code for making proteins; these proteins determine the activities and physical features
of the cell - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
carries genetic information... SAYS EVERYTHING ABOUT US/ANY ORGANISM! -
Answer✔️✔️-DNA
a series of 3 nucleotides are codes for one amino acid (and a bunch of amino acids go
into making a protein!!) - Answer✔️✔️-codon/triplet
guarantees that the exact order of nitrogen bases in a molecule of DNA will be
preserved and passed from one generation of cells to the next - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
replication
How many strands of DNA/chromatin/chromosomes do humans have in EVERY cell of
their body? - Answer✔️✔️-46
process of copying the DNA code; new strands of DNA are made from a supply of
nucleotides that float freely in the cell - Answer✔️✔️-replication
sites at which separation and replication occurs - Answer✔️✔️-replication forks
An increase in cell volume causes an increase in the need for ___ and the excretion of
___. - Answer✔️✔️-nutrients; wastes
Page 2 of 6
