Nu 409 Final Exam With
Complete Solution
GTPAL - ANSWER Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living
teratogens - ANSWER Substance that a woman is exposed to that can cause
damage to pregnancy which leads to functional or physical birth defects.
Naegele's Rule - ANSWER add 7 days to first day of LMP, subtract 3 months,
and add 1 year
umbilical cord structures - ANSWER 2 arteries 1 vein and whartons jelly
endocrine system changes during pregnancy - ANSWER - the thyroid
hormone increases
- the pancreas is required to increase production of glucose
- cortisol levels increase in the second trimester and peak in the third
- oxytocin will be produced for contractions and milk ejection
- prolactin is active in milk production
normal HBG and HCT in pregnant females - ANSWER HCT: 33-39
HGB: 11-13
glucose tolerance test are conducted... - ANSWER between 24-28 weeks on
all pregnant women
Normal newborn vital signs. - ANSWER respiratory: 30-60
,heart rate: 110-160
BP: 60-80/40-50
temp: 97.7-99.5 (36.5-37.5)
Expected changes in pregnancy. - ANSWER -uterus changes in size shape and
position
-cardiac output increases and blood volume increases
-HR increases
-oxygen needs increase but total lung capacity decreases
-body adjusts in posture and pelvic joints relax
-nausea and vomiting may occur as well as constipation
-filtration rate increases and urinary frequency is common
-diastolic BP usually decreases
Neonatal Assessment - ANSWER initial assessment should look at skin color,
breast tissue, meconium, chest size, lung sounds, abdomen, muscle tone and
reflex reactions, palpation of the fontanels and sutures, head circumference,
length, and weight
Neonatal normal skin variations - ANSWER milia
vernix
lanugo
Mongolian spots
telangiectatic nevi (stork bites)
,nevus flammeus (port wine stain)
erythema toxicum
acrocyanosis
nevus vascularis (strawberry birth mark)
harlequin sign
sucking and rooting reflex - ANSWER stroke baby's cheek and they turn
toward that side and look for nipple. present from birth-4 months
palmar grasp reflex - ANSWER in response to stroking a baby's palm, the
baby's hand will grasp. This reflex lasts a few months
plantar grasp reflex - ANSWER reaction to stimulation of the sole of the foot
that causes the toes of the feet to "grasp"
moro reflex - ANSWER Infant reflex where a baby will startle in response to a
loud sound or sudden movement.
tonic neck reflex - ANSWER elicited when baby head turned to a side, the
extremities on that side extend ( birth to 4 months)
Babinski reflex - ANSWER Reflex in which a newborn fans out the toes when
the sole of the foot is touched
stepping reflex - ANSWER a neonatal reflex in which an infant lifts first one
leg and then the other in a coordinated pattern like walking
Fetal Monitoring and Ctx Assessment - ANSWER Category I- includes normal
baseline, moderate variability, may
have accels, may have early decels, but no variables and no lates
, • Category II- includes any tracing not in category I or category III.
Examples of Category II are tachycardia, minimal variability,
prolonged decal
• Category III- includes any of the following- absent variability with
recurrent lates, absent variability with recurrent variable decels,
absent variability & bradycardia, sinusoidal pattern
VEAL CHOP MINE
NAS - ANSWER a withdrawal syndrome of infants after birth caused by in
utero exposure to drugs of dependence, most commonly opioids. Common
signs and symptoms include tremors, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, and
fever. NAS is primarily diagnosed with a detailed medication history and
scoring systems.
-manifests 48-72 hours
Neonatal Pain Assessment - ANSWER •Not treating neonatal pain adequately
can have long-term effects on how the neonate responds to pain throughout
his or her life.
•Infants admitted to the NICU experience an average of 5 to 15 painful
procedures every day.
•Pain should be treated preemptively when possible.
•Pain management for neonates include:
-Breastfeeding
Complete Solution
GTPAL - ANSWER Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living
teratogens - ANSWER Substance that a woman is exposed to that can cause
damage to pregnancy which leads to functional or physical birth defects.
Naegele's Rule - ANSWER add 7 days to first day of LMP, subtract 3 months,
and add 1 year
umbilical cord structures - ANSWER 2 arteries 1 vein and whartons jelly
endocrine system changes during pregnancy - ANSWER - the thyroid
hormone increases
- the pancreas is required to increase production of glucose
- cortisol levels increase in the second trimester and peak in the third
- oxytocin will be produced for contractions and milk ejection
- prolactin is active in milk production
normal HBG and HCT in pregnant females - ANSWER HCT: 33-39
HGB: 11-13
glucose tolerance test are conducted... - ANSWER between 24-28 weeks on
all pregnant women
Normal newborn vital signs. - ANSWER respiratory: 30-60
,heart rate: 110-160
BP: 60-80/40-50
temp: 97.7-99.5 (36.5-37.5)
Expected changes in pregnancy. - ANSWER -uterus changes in size shape and
position
-cardiac output increases and blood volume increases
-HR increases
-oxygen needs increase but total lung capacity decreases
-body adjusts in posture and pelvic joints relax
-nausea and vomiting may occur as well as constipation
-filtration rate increases and urinary frequency is common
-diastolic BP usually decreases
Neonatal Assessment - ANSWER initial assessment should look at skin color,
breast tissue, meconium, chest size, lung sounds, abdomen, muscle tone and
reflex reactions, palpation of the fontanels and sutures, head circumference,
length, and weight
Neonatal normal skin variations - ANSWER milia
vernix
lanugo
Mongolian spots
telangiectatic nevi (stork bites)
,nevus flammeus (port wine stain)
erythema toxicum
acrocyanosis
nevus vascularis (strawberry birth mark)
harlequin sign
sucking and rooting reflex - ANSWER stroke baby's cheek and they turn
toward that side and look for nipple. present from birth-4 months
palmar grasp reflex - ANSWER in response to stroking a baby's palm, the
baby's hand will grasp. This reflex lasts a few months
plantar grasp reflex - ANSWER reaction to stimulation of the sole of the foot
that causes the toes of the feet to "grasp"
moro reflex - ANSWER Infant reflex where a baby will startle in response to a
loud sound or sudden movement.
tonic neck reflex - ANSWER elicited when baby head turned to a side, the
extremities on that side extend ( birth to 4 months)
Babinski reflex - ANSWER Reflex in which a newborn fans out the toes when
the sole of the foot is touched
stepping reflex - ANSWER a neonatal reflex in which an infant lifts first one
leg and then the other in a coordinated pattern like walking
Fetal Monitoring and Ctx Assessment - ANSWER Category I- includes normal
baseline, moderate variability, may
have accels, may have early decels, but no variables and no lates
, • Category II- includes any tracing not in category I or category III.
Examples of Category II are tachycardia, minimal variability,
prolonged decal
• Category III- includes any of the following- absent variability with
recurrent lates, absent variability with recurrent variable decels,
absent variability & bradycardia, sinusoidal pattern
VEAL CHOP MINE
NAS - ANSWER a withdrawal syndrome of infants after birth caused by in
utero exposure to drugs of dependence, most commonly opioids. Common
signs and symptoms include tremors, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, and
fever. NAS is primarily diagnosed with a detailed medication history and
scoring systems.
-manifests 48-72 hours
Neonatal Pain Assessment - ANSWER •Not treating neonatal pain adequately
can have long-term effects on how the neonate responds to pain throughout
his or her life.
•Infants admitted to the NICU experience an average of 5 to 15 painful
procedures every day.
•Pain should be treated preemptively when possible.
•Pain management for neonates include:
-Breastfeeding
