CCBC Microbiology Units 5 And
6 Exam Latest Update
The immunity one develops throughout life that allows us to recognize any antigen the
body encounters. This best describes what? - Answer adaptive immunity
The actual portion or fragment of an antigen that reacts with the receptors on
B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes is called what? - Answer epitope
Begins 0 - 4 hours after exposure to an infectious agent and involves the action of
soluble preformed antimicrobial molecules that circulate in the blood and in
extracellular tissue fluids best describes what? - Answer immediate innate immunity
An antigen-nonspecific defense mechanisms that a host uses immediately or within
several hours after exposure to almost any microbe. This best describes what? - Answer
innate immunity
TRUE OR FALSE: Any substance that reacts with antibody molecules and with receptors
on B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes is called an antigen. - Answer true
The immunity one is born with and is the initial response by the body to eliminate
microbes and prevent infection. This best describes what? - Answer innate immunity
An antigen-specific defense mechanisms that take several days to become protective
and are designed to react with and remove a specific antigen. This best describes
what? - Answer adaptive immunity
Molecules shared by groups of related microbes that are essential for the survival of
those organisms and are not found associated with mammalian cells that initiate early
induced innate immunity are called what? - Answer PAMPs
Immunogen - Answer A substance capable of inducing an immune response
begins 4 - 96 hours after exposure to an infectious agent and involves the recruitment of
defense cells as a result of pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPS binding
to pattern-recognition receptors or PRRs. - Answer Early induced innate immunity
the CBC determines - Answer the total number of both erythrocytes and leukocytes per
ml blood
leukocyte differential count - Answer determines number of each type of leukocyte
calculated as percentage
An elevated white blood cell count means - Answer leukocytosis, is seen in infection,
, inflammation
a shift to the left means - Answer increase in neutrophils band forms
State what type of cell monocytes differentiate into when they enter tissue. - Answer
macrophages & dendritic cells
State 2 functions of platelets. - Answer 1. promote clotting by sticking together
2.secrete cytokines & chemokines to promote inflammation
Important phagocytes; 54%-75% of the leukocytes; granules stain poorly; produce
enzymes for the synthesis of bradykinins and prostaglandins that promote inflammation.
- Answer neutrophils
Capable of phagocytosis but primarily kill microorganisms and parasitic worms
extracellularly; 1%-4% of the leukocytes; large granules stain red; secrete leukotriens
and prostaglandins to promote inflammation. - Answer eosinophils
Not important in phagocytosis; large granules stain a purplish blue; 0%-1% of the
leukocytes; release histamine, leukotriens, and prostaglandins to promote
inflammation. - Answer basophils
Important in phagocytosis and aid in the adaptive immune responses; produce
cytokines; 4%-8% of the leukocytes; differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells
when they leave the blood and enter the tissue. - Answer monocytes
Mediate humoral immunity (antibody production); have B-cell receptors (BCR) on their
surface for antigen recognition; differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells. -
Answer B-lymphocytes
Regulate the adaptive immune responses through cytokine production; have CD4
molecules and TCRs on their surface for antigen recognition. - Answer T4-lymphocytes
Carry out cell-mediated immunity; have CD8 molecules and TCRs on their surface for
antigen recognition; differentiate into cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). - Answer
T8-lymphocytes
Lymphocytes that lack B-cell receptors and T-cell receptors; kill cells to which the
antibody IgG has attached as well as human cells lacking MHC-I molecules on their
surface. - Answer NK cells
3 different functions of macrophages in body defense. - Answer
primary function of dendritic cells in body defense. - Answer capture and present
protein antigens to naive T-lymphocytes.
cells whose primary function is to present antigen to naive T-lymphocytes. - Answer
dendritic cells
6 Exam Latest Update
The immunity one develops throughout life that allows us to recognize any antigen the
body encounters. This best describes what? - Answer adaptive immunity
The actual portion or fragment of an antigen that reacts with the receptors on
B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes is called what? - Answer epitope
Begins 0 - 4 hours after exposure to an infectious agent and involves the action of
soluble preformed antimicrobial molecules that circulate in the blood and in
extracellular tissue fluids best describes what? - Answer immediate innate immunity
An antigen-nonspecific defense mechanisms that a host uses immediately or within
several hours after exposure to almost any microbe. This best describes what? - Answer
innate immunity
TRUE OR FALSE: Any substance that reacts with antibody molecules and with receptors
on B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes is called an antigen. - Answer true
The immunity one is born with and is the initial response by the body to eliminate
microbes and prevent infection. This best describes what? - Answer innate immunity
An antigen-specific defense mechanisms that take several days to become protective
and are designed to react with and remove a specific antigen. This best describes
what? - Answer adaptive immunity
Molecules shared by groups of related microbes that are essential for the survival of
those organisms and are not found associated with mammalian cells that initiate early
induced innate immunity are called what? - Answer PAMPs
Immunogen - Answer A substance capable of inducing an immune response
begins 4 - 96 hours after exposure to an infectious agent and involves the recruitment of
defense cells as a result of pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPS binding
to pattern-recognition receptors or PRRs. - Answer Early induced innate immunity
the CBC determines - Answer the total number of both erythrocytes and leukocytes per
ml blood
leukocyte differential count - Answer determines number of each type of leukocyte
calculated as percentage
An elevated white blood cell count means - Answer leukocytosis, is seen in infection,
, inflammation
a shift to the left means - Answer increase in neutrophils band forms
State what type of cell monocytes differentiate into when they enter tissue. - Answer
macrophages & dendritic cells
State 2 functions of platelets. - Answer 1. promote clotting by sticking together
2.secrete cytokines & chemokines to promote inflammation
Important phagocytes; 54%-75% of the leukocytes; granules stain poorly; produce
enzymes for the synthesis of bradykinins and prostaglandins that promote inflammation.
- Answer neutrophils
Capable of phagocytosis but primarily kill microorganisms and parasitic worms
extracellularly; 1%-4% of the leukocytes; large granules stain red; secrete leukotriens
and prostaglandins to promote inflammation. - Answer eosinophils
Not important in phagocytosis; large granules stain a purplish blue; 0%-1% of the
leukocytes; release histamine, leukotriens, and prostaglandins to promote
inflammation. - Answer basophils
Important in phagocytosis and aid in the adaptive immune responses; produce
cytokines; 4%-8% of the leukocytes; differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells
when they leave the blood and enter the tissue. - Answer monocytes
Mediate humoral immunity (antibody production); have B-cell receptors (BCR) on their
surface for antigen recognition; differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells. -
Answer B-lymphocytes
Regulate the adaptive immune responses through cytokine production; have CD4
molecules and TCRs on their surface for antigen recognition. - Answer T4-lymphocytes
Carry out cell-mediated immunity; have CD8 molecules and TCRs on their surface for
antigen recognition; differentiate into cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). - Answer
T8-lymphocytes
Lymphocytes that lack B-cell receptors and T-cell receptors; kill cells to which the
antibody IgG has attached as well as human cells lacking MHC-I molecules on their
surface. - Answer NK cells
3 different functions of macrophages in body defense. - Answer
primary function of dendritic cells in body defense. - Answer capture and present
protein antigens to naive T-lymphocytes.
cells whose primary function is to present antigen to naive T-lymphocytes. - Answer
dendritic cells
