Introduction to nursing (SHERPATH) WEEK 13 &14 Practice Questions and Answers | 100% Pass

Introduction to nursing (SHERPATH) WEEK 13 &14 Practice Questions and Answers | 100% Pass The nurse is caring for a patient who fell and is receiving treatment for a fractured arm. The nurse reviews the patient's laboratory results, which indicate an elevated pH and a decreased PaCO2. Which condition is the patient experiencing based on the current data? - Answer️️ -Respiratory alkalosis An elevated pH value and a decreased PaCO2 value are consistent with respiratory alkalosis. Which patients would the nurse identify as being at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange? - Answer️️ -A patient experiencing an asthma attack - Asthma constricts the airways and decreases exhalation, placing the patient at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange. A patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome - Neurologic disorders such as myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affect the muscles of respiration, placing the patient at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange. A patient who is 2 hours postoperative for thoracic surgery ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 2 - Chest trauma/surgery impairs ventilation, placing the patient at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange. Which ABG data would the nurse identify as supporting the diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis in a patient admitted with dehydration and lethargy? - Answer️️ -Increased pH Dehydration and lethargy coupled with an increased pH support the diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis. Increased bicarbonate Dehydration and lethargy coupled with an increased bicarbonate level support the diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis. Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse anticipate in a patient after a motor vehicle accident in which the steering wheel hit the patient's chest and trapped the patient in the car until rescue workers arrived? - Answer️️ -Respiratory acidosis Trauma to the chest decreases ventilation and impairs gas exchange, placing the patient at risk for respiratory acidosis. Which conditions in the medical history would the nurse identify as a risk factor for metabolic acidosis? - Answer️️ -Type I diabetes Type I diabetes can cause ketoacidosis, which leads to acid accumulation and metabolic acidosis. Sepsis ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 3 In sepsis, lack of oxygen available to the cells results in anaerobic metabolism and the accumulation of lactic acid. Which data in the medical history of a patient who is awake, but lethargic, and taking rapid, deep breaths would the nurse suspect as the cause of the following laboratory values: pH 7.31, PaO2 59.2 mm Hg, PaCO2 38.6 mm Hg, HCO3- 17.5 mEq/L, and oxygen saturation 88%? - Answer️️ -Diabetes mellitus The pH and HCO3- values indicate metabolic acidosis, and the Kussmaul respirations are consistent with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which change in respiratory pattern observed in a type I diabetic patient with metabolic acidosis indicates to the nurse that compensation is occurring? - Answer️️ -Kussmaul respirations Kussmaul respirations remove excess carbon dioxide from the system. This is an indication of compensation. Which hypotheses would the nurse consider when handed over a patient with an acid- base imbalance who has Kussmaul respirations and is repo