NU 308 FINAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
What are the 6 P's for neurovascular changes?
pain
poikilothermia
pallor
pulselessness
paraesthesia
paralysis
describe compartment syndrome
comlication that occurs from increased pressure within a confide space such
as muscle compartment. this comprises blood flow rsulting in ischemia and
irreversible damage within hours.
which clinical assessment is done for compartment syndrome
six P's or PCMS
what can treat compartment syndrome?
removed cast or an emergency fasciotomy
describe the complication of pressure ulcers in a cast or device
- may be caused by inappropriately applied cast or device
,if a patient is wearing a cast and reports feeling a painful hotspot and
tightness, what could the patient be experiencing?
pressure ulcer
What is disuse syndrome?
refers to muscle atrophy and loss of strength that occurs as the result of
non-use of the muscle and joints within the device over time.
what is the treatment for disuse syndrome?
isometric exercises and muscle setting exercises such as with the quadriceps
or gluteal muscles
what is traction?
is the application of a pulling force to a part of the body
is traction is used for short or long term?
short term
what is the purpose of traction?
reduce muscle spasms, reduce, align, and immobilize fractures; reduce
deformity; and increase the space between opposing forces
what are the principles of traction?
- must be continuous and never interrupted
- counterforce must be accompanied
- patients body weight and their positioning in bed supply the counterforce
- weights are not removed unless intermitted traction is prescribed
, - roped must be unobstructed
- weights must hang freely
- knots or the footplate must not touch the foot of the bed
What is skin traction used for?
Used short term to relieve muscle spasms and immobilize until surgery. uses
a non-invasive material on the skin such as boots, straps, velcro, tape, or
cuffs
what are potential complications with skin tractions?
skin breakdown, circulatory impairment, and damage to nerves
what are the nursing interventions for the patient in skin traction?
proper application and maintenance of traction; monitor for complications;
insepct skin at least three times a day; assess for tenderness under the
device; assess sensation and movement; pulses, color, cap refill, and
temperature of fingers or toes; and assess for indicators of DVT or infection
what is skeletal traction?
A traction applied directly to the bone with pins and wires. Used when
prolonged traction is needed.
When would skeletal traction be used?
- when traction is to be maintained for a significant amount of time
- when skin traction is not possible
- when greater weight is needed
COMPLETE SOLUTION
What are the 6 P's for neurovascular changes?
pain
poikilothermia
pallor
pulselessness
paraesthesia
paralysis
describe compartment syndrome
comlication that occurs from increased pressure within a confide space such
as muscle compartment. this comprises blood flow rsulting in ischemia and
irreversible damage within hours.
which clinical assessment is done for compartment syndrome
six P's or PCMS
what can treat compartment syndrome?
removed cast or an emergency fasciotomy
describe the complication of pressure ulcers in a cast or device
- may be caused by inappropriately applied cast or device
,if a patient is wearing a cast and reports feeling a painful hotspot and
tightness, what could the patient be experiencing?
pressure ulcer
What is disuse syndrome?
refers to muscle atrophy and loss of strength that occurs as the result of
non-use of the muscle and joints within the device over time.
what is the treatment for disuse syndrome?
isometric exercises and muscle setting exercises such as with the quadriceps
or gluteal muscles
what is traction?
is the application of a pulling force to a part of the body
is traction is used for short or long term?
short term
what is the purpose of traction?
reduce muscle spasms, reduce, align, and immobilize fractures; reduce
deformity; and increase the space between opposing forces
what are the principles of traction?
- must be continuous and never interrupted
- counterforce must be accompanied
- patients body weight and their positioning in bed supply the counterforce
- weights are not removed unless intermitted traction is prescribed
, - roped must be unobstructed
- weights must hang freely
- knots or the footplate must not touch the foot of the bed
What is skin traction used for?
Used short term to relieve muscle spasms and immobilize until surgery. uses
a non-invasive material on the skin such as boots, straps, velcro, tape, or
cuffs
what are potential complications with skin tractions?
skin breakdown, circulatory impairment, and damage to nerves
what are the nursing interventions for the patient in skin traction?
proper application and maintenance of traction; monitor for complications;
insepct skin at least three times a day; assess for tenderness under the
device; assess sensation and movement; pulses, color, cap refill, and
temperature of fingers or toes; and assess for indicators of DVT or infection
what is skeletal traction?
A traction applied directly to the bone with pins and wires. Used when
prolonged traction is needed.
When would skeletal traction be used?
- when traction is to be maintained for a significant amount of time
- when skin traction is not possible
- when greater weight is needed
