AMSCO AP US History Chapter 23 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 23 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Warren Harding - Answer️️ -In November 1920, he was elected the 29th president of the United States. He was a Republican whose slogan was: "Return to Normalcy". His term was marked by scandals and corruption, although he was never implicated in any of the scandals. In August 1923, he died while traveling in the West. (p. 475-476) Charles Evans Hughes - Answer️️ -A former presidential candidate and Supreme Court justice who was appointed secretary of state by President Warren G. Harding. (p. 476) Andrew Mellon - Answer️️ -A Pittsburgh industrialist and millionaire who was appointed secretary of the treasury by President Harding in 1921 and served under Coolidge and Hoover. (p. 476) Harry Daugherty - Answer️️ -Attorney General under President Harding who accepted bribes for agreeing not to prosecute certain criminal suspects. (p. 476) Albert Fall - Answer️️ -Secretary of the Interior during Harding's administration. He was convicted of accepting bribes for granting oil leases near Teapot Dome, Wyoming. (p. 476) Teapot Dome - Answer️️ -A government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921. (p. 476) ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 2 Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act - Answer️️ -This tariff passed in 1922, raised tariffs on foreign manufactured goods by 25 percent. It helped domestic manufacturers, but limited foreign trade, and was one cause of the Great Depression of 1929. (p. 476, 488) Bureau of the Budget - Answer️️ -Formed in 1921, this bureau created procedures for all government expenditures to be placed in a single budget for Congress to annually review and vote on. (p. 476) Calvin Coolidge - Answer️️ -As vice president, he became president when Warren Harding died in August 1923. He won the presidential election of 1924, but declined to run in 1928. He was a Republican who believed in limited government. He summarized his presidency and his era with the phrase: "The business of America is business". (p. 477) Herbert Hoover - Answer️️ -When Calvin Coolidge decide not to run for president in 1928, he was the Republican presidential nominee. He promised to extend "Coolidge Prosperity", and won the election. (p. 477) Alfred E. Smith - Answer️️ -He was the Democratic presidential candidate in the 1928 presidential election. He was the former governor of New York and his opponent in the presidential race was Republican Herbert Hoover. As a Roman Catholic and opponent of Prohibition, he appealed to immigrant urban voters. (p. 477) business prosperity - Answer️️ -From 1919 to 1929, manufacturing output rose a spectacular 64 percent due to increased productivity, energy technologies, and governmental policy which favored the growth of big business. (p. 478) ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 3 standard of living - Answer️️ -During the 1920s, the standard of living (physical things that make life more enjoyable) improved significantly for most Americans. Indoor plumbing and central heating became commonplace. By 1930, two-thirds of all homes had electricity. (p. 477) scientific management - Answer️️ -A system of industrial management created and promoted in the early twentieth century by Frederick W. Taylor. It emphasized time-and- motion studies to improve factory performance. (p. 478) Henry Ford - Answer️️ -By 1914, he had perfected a system for manufacturing automobiles using an assembly line. (p. 478) assembly line - Answer️️ -In a factory, an arrangement where a product