Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Kyle Carman Test Bank
A nurse is assessing a neonate with sepsis. The nurse understands that most commonly the cause
involves:
Enterovirus
Protozoa
Herpes virus
Bacteria - ANSWER-Bacteria
Neonatal sepsis can be caused by viruses such as herpes simplex or enteroviruses and by protozoa (e.g.,
Toxoplasma gondii). However, bacteria are typically the culprits.
A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding would indicate to the nurse that the
child has developed ehrlichiosis and not Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Fever
Absence of rash
Malaise
Headache - ANSWER-Absence of rash
Both Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis are manifested by fever, headache, and malaise.
However, there is rarely a rash with ehrlichiosis, which helps to differentiate it from Rocky Mountain
spotted fever.
An adolescent girl and her caregiver present at the pediatrician's office. The adolescent reports severe
abdominal pain. A diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is made. The nurse notes in the child's
chart that this is the third time she has been treated for PID. Which action by the nurse would be most
appropriate?
Take the child to a private room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Contact the necessary authorities to report a suspected case of sexual abuse.
Take the caregiver to a private room and tell her that the child's diagnosis can only come from sexual
activity.
,Talk to the child and caregiver together and explain that the condition is often a result of a sexually
transmitted infection and discuss the importance of safe sex practices. - ANSWER-Take the child to a
private room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Adolescents must be made aware of the seriousness of PID, a common result of a chlamydial infection.
Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause sterility in the female, primarily by causing scarring in the
fallopian tubes that prohibits the passage of the fertilized ovum into the uterus. A tubal pregnancy may
be the consequence of a chlamydial infection. In the male, sterility may result from epididymitis caused
by a chlamydial infection. All sexual partners must be treated.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with genital herpes. The drug of choice for treating
genital herpes is:
Ceftriaxone
Penicillin
Griseofluvin
Acyclovir - ANSWER-Acyclovir
The drug acyclovir is useful in relieving or suppressing the symptoms of genital herpes.
A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon assessment the nurse finds a swollen
parotid gland. The nurse suspects which infectious disease?
Whooping cough
Measles
Scabies
Mumps - ANSWER-Mumps
Mumps is an infectious disease with a primary symptom of a swollen parotid gland. It is a contagious
disease spread by droplets. The child is contagious 1 to 7 days prior to the onset of the swelling and 4 to
9 days after the onset of the swelling. Pertussis is a respiratory disorder which causes severe paroxysmal
coughing which produces a whooping sound. Measles is recognized by Koplick spots in the mouth and
the classic maculopapular rash that starts on the head and spreads downward. Scabies is a skin condition
, where lice lay eggs under the skin. The rash is very puritic and is seen on the hands, feet, and folds of the
skin.
A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and transmission-based precautions.
What type of precautions require placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items, wearing two layers of protective
clothing, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Standard precautions
Droplet precautions - ANSWER-Contact precautions
Contact precautions means placing the client in an isolation room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids, wearing two layers of protective clothing, limiting
movement of the client from the room, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients. Standard
precautions are used with every client. They involve good handwashing and the use of gloves for client
contact. Airborne precautions are used for diseases where small particles are dispersed in the air. They
require the client in a negative pressure room and, in addition to standard personal protective
equipment, the mask should be N95 or higher. Varicella would need airborne precautions. Droplet
precautions are used for diseases such as pertusis which produce large droplets. They require standard
precautions plus a surgical mask, preferably with a face shield.
A 5-year-old girl catches the flu from a friend at day care after the friend sneezed and wiped mucus on a
toy that the girl played then with. In this case, what is the portal of exit in the chain of infection?
Toy
Upper respiratory excretion
The 5-year-old girl
The friend - ANSWER-Upper respiratory excretion
The portal of exit is the route by which an organism leaves an infected child's body to be spread to
others. Organism can be carried out of the body by upper respiratory excretions, feces, vomitus, saliva,
urine, vaginal secretions, blood, or lesion secretions. The friend would be the reservoir, which is the
A nurse is assessing a neonate with sepsis. The nurse understands that most commonly the cause
involves:
Enterovirus
Protozoa
Herpes virus
Bacteria - ANSWER-Bacteria
Neonatal sepsis can be caused by viruses such as herpes simplex or enteroviruses and by protozoa (e.g.,
Toxoplasma gondii). However, bacteria are typically the culprits.
A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding would indicate to the nurse that the
child has developed ehrlichiosis and not Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Fever
Absence of rash
Malaise
Headache - ANSWER-Absence of rash
Both Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis are manifested by fever, headache, and malaise.
However, there is rarely a rash with ehrlichiosis, which helps to differentiate it from Rocky Mountain
spotted fever.
An adolescent girl and her caregiver present at the pediatrician's office. The adolescent reports severe
abdominal pain. A diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is made. The nurse notes in the child's
chart that this is the third time she has been treated for PID. Which action by the nurse would be most
appropriate?
Take the child to a private room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Contact the necessary authorities to report a suspected case of sexual abuse.
Take the caregiver to a private room and tell her that the child's diagnosis can only come from sexual
activity.
,Talk to the child and caregiver together and explain that the condition is often a result of a sexually
transmitted infection and discuss the importance of safe sex practices. - ANSWER-Take the child to a
private room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Adolescents must be made aware of the seriousness of PID, a common result of a chlamydial infection.
Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause sterility in the female, primarily by causing scarring in the
fallopian tubes that prohibits the passage of the fertilized ovum into the uterus. A tubal pregnancy may
be the consequence of a chlamydial infection. In the male, sterility may result from epididymitis caused
by a chlamydial infection. All sexual partners must be treated.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with genital herpes. The drug of choice for treating
genital herpes is:
Ceftriaxone
Penicillin
Griseofluvin
Acyclovir - ANSWER-Acyclovir
The drug acyclovir is useful in relieving or suppressing the symptoms of genital herpes.
A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon assessment the nurse finds a swollen
parotid gland. The nurse suspects which infectious disease?
Whooping cough
Measles
Scabies
Mumps - ANSWER-Mumps
Mumps is an infectious disease with a primary symptom of a swollen parotid gland. It is a contagious
disease spread by droplets. The child is contagious 1 to 7 days prior to the onset of the swelling and 4 to
9 days after the onset of the swelling. Pertussis is a respiratory disorder which causes severe paroxysmal
coughing which produces a whooping sound. Measles is recognized by Koplick spots in the mouth and
the classic maculopapular rash that starts on the head and spreads downward. Scabies is a skin condition
, where lice lay eggs under the skin. The rash is very puritic and is seen on the hands, feet, and folds of the
skin.
A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and transmission-based precautions.
What type of precautions require placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items, wearing two layers of protective
clothing, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Standard precautions
Droplet precautions - ANSWER-Contact precautions
Contact precautions means placing the client in an isolation room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids, wearing two layers of protective clothing, limiting
movement of the client from the room, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients. Standard
precautions are used with every client. They involve good handwashing and the use of gloves for client
contact. Airborne precautions are used for diseases where small particles are dispersed in the air. They
require the client in a negative pressure room and, in addition to standard personal protective
equipment, the mask should be N95 or higher. Varicella would need airborne precautions. Droplet
precautions are used for diseases such as pertusis which produce large droplets. They require standard
precautions plus a surgical mask, preferably with a face shield.
A 5-year-old girl catches the flu from a friend at day care after the friend sneezed and wiped mucus on a
toy that the girl played then with. In this case, what is the portal of exit in the chain of infection?
Toy
Upper respiratory excretion
The 5-year-old girl
The friend - ANSWER-Upper respiratory excretion
The portal of exit is the route by which an organism leaves an infected child's body to be spread to
others. Organism can be carried out of the body by upper respiratory excretions, feces, vomitus, saliva,
urine, vaginal secretions, blood, or lesion secretions. The friend would be the reservoir, which is the
