Test Bank - Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Edition (Nelson) Chapter 1-28 | All Chapters | complete study Guide.

,1. In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the:
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) cell envelope. YP



B) cell membrane. YP



C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.


2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



the development of:
YP YP YP



A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability. YP



C) plasma membranes. YP



D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus. YP




3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) cell membrane. YP



B) nuclear envelope. YP



C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.


4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



number of biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



of diffusion of solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



usually have lengths and diameters in the range of:
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) 0.1 m to 10 m. YP YP YP YP



B) 0.3 m to 30 m. YP YP YP YP



C) 0.3 m to 100 m. YP YP YP YP



D) 1 m to 100 m. YP YP YP YP



E) 1 m to 300 m. YP YP YP YP




5. Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



in extreme environments?
YP YP YP



A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) eukaryotes
D) heterotrophs
E) None of the answers is correct.
YP YP YP YP YP




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, 6. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energy—it
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



YPis therefore a:
YP YP



A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.


7. Which is a list of organelles?
YP YP YP YP YP



A) mitochondria, chromatin, endoplasmic reticulum YP YP YP



B) peroxisomes, lysosomes, plasma membrane YP YP YP



C) proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes YP YP



D) mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes YP YP YP



E) All of the answers are correct.
YP YP YP YP YP




8. Which list has the cellular components arranged in order of INCREASING size?
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



B) amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



C) amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



D) protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



E) protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP




9. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



primarily through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is NOT
YP YP YP YP Y P YP YP YP YP YP YP



YPconsidered a noncovalent interaction? YP YP YP



A) carbon-carbon bonds YP



B) hydrogen bonds YP



C) hydrophobic interactions YP



D) ionic interactions YP



E) van der Waals interactions
YP YP YP




10. Which element is NOT among the four most abundant in living organisms?
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorus




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, 11. The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4) are arranged around carbon to give
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



which geometry?
YP YP



A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) trigonal bipyramidal YP



D) trigonal planar YP



E) trigonal pyramidal YP




12. What functional groups are present on this molecule?
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP




A) ether and aldehyde
YP YP



B) hydroxyl and aldehyde YP YP



C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid YP YP YP



D) hydroxyl and ester YP YP



E) hydroxyl and ketone YP YP




13. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



information are:
YP YP



A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleic acids. YP



E) proteins.


14. Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as:
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) anomers.
B) cis-trans isomers. YP



C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometric isomers. YP




15. The YP catalog of all proteins functioning in a cell is the:
YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP YP



A) metabolome.
B) proteasome.
C) lysosome.
D) proteome.
E) genome.



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