NUR 215 FUNDAMENTALS TEST 5
Coping – answer -Describes how an individual deals w/ problems/issues
-Factors influencing an individuals ability to cope include the number, duration, and intensity of stressors,
the individuals past experiences, current support system, and available resources (financial)
-Coping strats are unique to an individual and can vary greatly w/ each stressor
-Caregiver burden results from the accumulated stress that family members experience after caring for a
loved one over a period of time; some responses include fatigue, difficulty sleeping, and illness
-Ego defense mechanisms assist a person during a stressful situation/crisis by regulating emotional
distress
Adaptation - answer -Coping behavior that describes how an individual handles demands imposed by the
environment
General Adaptation Syndrome GAS - answer -Stress syndrome by Hans Selye which describes stress
reaction in three stages
,-Alarm reactions: Body functions are heightened to respond to stressors; hormones are released, which
causes elevated BP and HR, heightened mental alertness, increased secretion of
epinephrine/norepinephrine and increased blood flow to muscles
-Resistance stage: Body functions normalize while responding to the stressor, it attempts to cope w/ the
stressor and return to homeostasis; stabilization of BP, HR and hormones will occur
-Exhaustion Stage: Body functions are no longer able to maintain a response to the stressor and the
client cannot adapt; the end of this stage results in recovery/death
Adherence - answer -Commitment/ability of the client/family to follow given treatment regimens
-Commitment to the regimen increases adherence
-Complicated regimen interferes w/ adherence
-Involvement of the client/significant support people in the planning stage increases adherence
-Adverse effects of meds diminished adherence
-Coping mechanisms, such as denial can cause non adherence
-Available resources increases adherence
Assessment/Data collection Coping - answer Ask the clients questions related to:
-Current stress, perception of stressors and ability to cope
-Support systems
,-Adherence to healthy behaviors and/or the treatment regimen
-Sleep patterns
-Altered elimination patterns, changes in appetite and weight loss/gain
Observe the clients appearance and eye contact, verbal motor and cognitive status during assessment
Measure vital signs
Observe for irritability, anxiety and tension
Thoroughly assess each client to ensure client centered clinical decisions required for safe nursing care
Stress nursing care - answer -Encourage health promotion strats, including regular exercise, optimal
nutrition and adequate sleep/rest
-Assist w/ time management and determine priority tasks
-Encourage appropriate relaxation techniques including breathing exercises, massage, imagery, yoga
and meditation
-Listen attentively and take the time to understand the clients perspective
-Control the environment to reduce the number of external stressors, including noise and breaks in the
continuity of care
-Identify available support systems
-Use effective communication techniques to foster expression of feelings
, Coping nursing care - -Be empathetic in communication, and encourage the client to verbalize feelings
-Identify the client/family's strength and abilities
-Encourage the client's autonomy w/ decision making
-Discuss the client's/family's abilities to deal w/ the current situation
-Encourage the client to describe c oping skills used effectively in the past
-Identify available community resources, and refer the client for counseling if needed
Adherence nursing care - -Put instructions in writing
-Allow the client to give input into the treatment regimen
-Simplify treatment regimens as much as possible
-Follow up w/ the client to address any questions/problems
Family systems/family dynamics - -Family is defined by the client, and it consists of the individual
structures and roles, it is typically two+ people whose relationships create a bond and influence their
mutual development, support, goals and resources
-COnsider five realms of processess involved in family function during a family assessment: INTERACTIVE,
DEVELOPMENTAL, COPING, INTEGRITY AND HEALTH
-Assessment of a family can focus on family as a context, client or a system
Coping – answer -Describes how an individual deals w/ problems/issues
-Factors influencing an individuals ability to cope include the number, duration, and intensity of stressors,
the individuals past experiences, current support system, and available resources (financial)
-Coping strats are unique to an individual and can vary greatly w/ each stressor
-Caregiver burden results from the accumulated stress that family members experience after caring for a
loved one over a period of time; some responses include fatigue, difficulty sleeping, and illness
-Ego defense mechanisms assist a person during a stressful situation/crisis by regulating emotional
distress
Adaptation - answer -Coping behavior that describes how an individual handles demands imposed by the
environment
General Adaptation Syndrome GAS - answer -Stress syndrome by Hans Selye which describes stress
reaction in three stages
,-Alarm reactions: Body functions are heightened to respond to stressors; hormones are released, which
causes elevated BP and HR, heightened mental alertness, increased secretion of
epinephrine/norepinephrine and increased blood flow to muscles
-Resistance stage: Body functions normalize while responding to the stressor, it attempts to cope w/ the
stressor and return to homeostasis; stabilization of BP, HR and hormones will occur
-Exhaustion Stage: Body functions are no longer able to maintain a response to the stressor and the
client cannot adapt; the end of this stage results in recovery/death
Adherence - answer -Commitment/ability of the client/family to follow given treatment regimens
-Commitment to the regimen increases adherence
-Complicated regimen interferes w/ adherence
-Involvement of the client/significant support people in the planning stage increases adherence
-Adverse effects of meds diminished adherence
-Coping mechanisms, such as denial can cause non adherence
-Available resources increases adherence
Assessment/Data collection Coping - answer Ask the clients questions related to:
-Current stress, perception of stressors and ability to cope
-Support systems
,-Adherence to healthy behaviors and/or the treatment regimen
-Sleep patterns
-Altered elimination patterns, changes in appetite and weight loss/gain
Observe the clients appearance and eye contact, verbal motor and cognitive status during assessment
Measure vital signs
Observe for irritability, anxiety and tension
Thoroughly assess each client to ensure client centered clinical decisions required for safe nursing care
Stress nursing care - answer -Encourage health promotion strats, including regular exercise, optimal
nutrition and adequate sleep/rest
-Assist w/ time management and determine priority tasks
-Encourage appropriate relaxation techniques including breathing exercises, massage, imagery, yoga
and meditation
-Listen attentively and take the time to understand the clients perspective
-Control the environment to reduce the number of external stressors, including noise and breaks in the
continuity of care
-Identify available support systems
-Use effective communication techniques to foster expression of feelings
, Coping nursing care - -Be empathetic in communication, and encourage the client to verbalize feelings
-Identify the client/family's strength and abilities
-Encourage the client's autonomy w/ decision making
-Discuss the client's/family's abilities to deal w/ the current situation
-Encourage the client to describe c oping skills used effectively in the past
-Identify available community resources, and refer the client for counseling if needed
Adherence nursing care - -Put instructions in writing
-Allow the client to give input into the treatment regimen
-Simplify treatment regimens as much as possible
-Follow up w/ the client to address any questions/problems
Family systems/family dynamics - -Family is defined by the client, and it consists of the individual
structures and roles, it is typically two+ people whose relationships create a bond and influence their
mutual development, support, goals and resources
-COnsider five realms of processess involved in family function during a family assessment: INTERACTIVE,
DEVELOPMENTAL, COPING, INTEGRITY AND HEALTH
-Assessment of a family can focus on family as a context, client or a system
