TEST BANK FOR INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY VISOVSKY
The pKa (for the COOH group) of each of the three drugs is as follows: thyroxine =
3.0, mesothyroxine = 4.0, neothyroxine = 5.0. Of these, which will be absorbed to the
greatest extent from the stomach (pH = 1.0)? - ANSWERneothyroxine
The multi drug resistance proteins (or p-glycoproteins) can protect liver and kidney
cells by exporting harmful chemicals against a concentration gradient in an energy-
dependent manner. What is this called? - ANSWERactive transport
Phase II conjugates typically have the following property/properties -
ANSWERrapidly excreted in the urine
A drug with a half-life of 2 hours is administered by continuous intravenous infusion.
How long will it take for the drug to reach 50% of its steady state concentration? -
ANSWER2 hours
Caffeine is eliminated primarily by metabolism and with first order kinetics. The half-
life of caffeine varies significantly with individuals, but is on average 5.0 hours. The
volume of distribution is 0.60 L/kg. Joe has a mass of 70 kg and is an average
subject with regard to caffeine pharmacokinetics. He has a regular habit of
consuming a cup of coffee (85 mg of caffeine) at 8 am.
What is the clearance value (CL) of caffeine in a normal individual? - ANSWER0.083
L/hr/kg
Which of the following routes is most likely to be affected by the first-pass effect? -
ANSWERoral
A drug, given as a 150 mg single dose, results in a peak plasma concentration of 10
ug/mL. The apparent volume of distribution is (rapid distribution and negligible
elimination prior to measuring the peak plasma level): - ANSWER15 L
Which of the following are routes of drug clearance?
-renal
-sweat
-intestines - ANSWERall of the above
What factor(s) may reduce drug bioavailability?
-gastric acid instability
-first-pass affect
-exposure to digestive enzymes - ANSWERall of the above
What type of receptor is the muscarinic receptor? - ANSWERG-protein coupled
receptor
, For a cholinesterase modified by an organophosphate compound (e.g. soman), what
is the time-dependent dealkylation process called yielding an enzyme refractory
toward reactivation? - ANSWERaging
Muscarinic receptors bind - ANSWERacetylcholine
Which of the following is a clinical use for a muscarinic agonist? -
ANSWER"switching on" the urinary tract after surgery
Indirect cholinergic agonists cause - ANSWERinhibition of acetylcholinesterase and
a corresponding increase in the synaptic acetylcholine levels
Which of the following is characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system? -
ANSWERresponded predominate during physical activity or when experiencing fright
A patient with an acute attack of glaucoma is treated with pilocarpine. The primary
reason for its effectiveness in this condition is its: - ANSWERability to lower
intraocular pressure
Put the following steps in the correct order for neurotransmission at the cholinergic
neuron - ANSWER1. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
2. acetylcholine is released from storage vesicles into the synaptic cleft
3. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
4. acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase
The autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except - ANSWERskeletal
muscle
A soldiers' unit has come under attack with a nerve agent. The symptoms exhibited
are skeletal muscle paralysis, profuse brachial secretions, miosis, bradycardia, and
convulsions. The alarm indicates exposure to an organophosphate. What is the
correct treatment? - ANSWERadminister atropine and 2-PAM (pralidoxime)
a study examining how a drug is distributed throughout the body and how the drug is
changed before eliminated is an example of - ANSWERpharmacokinetics
knowing that all three drugs interact with the same receptor, which drug is a
competitive antagonist? - ANSWERC on graph
rate the following drugs labeled 1-4 based on increasing efficacy -
ANSWER2<4<1<3
the safest and most convenient route for drug administration is - ANSWERoral
A 28-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after overdosing on
oxycodone, an opiate analgesic. She is unconscious and barely breathing when she
arrives at the hospital, but revives and is breathing normally within 2 minutes after
receiving an injection of naloxone. After about an hour, she requires another dose of
PHARMACOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY VISOVSKY
The pKa (for the COOH group) of each of the three drugs is as follows: thyroxine =
3.0, mesothyroxine = 4.0, neothyroxine = 5.0. Of these, which will be absorbed to the
greatest extent from the stomach (pH = 1.0)? - ANSWERneothyroxine
The multi drug resistance proteins (or p-glycoproteins) can protect liver and kidney
cells by exporting harmful chemicals against a concentration gradient in an energy-
dependent manner. What is this called? - ANSWERactive transport
Phase II conjugates typically have the following property/properties -
ANSWERrapidly excreted in the urine
A drug with a half-life of 2 hours is administered by continuous intravenous infusion.
How long will it take for the drug to reach 50% of its steady state concentration? -
ANSWER2 hours
Caffeine is eliminated primarily by metabolism and with first order kinetics. The half-
life of caffeine varies significantly with individuals, but is on average 5.0 hours. The
volume of distribution is 0.60 L/kg. Joe has a mass of 70 kg and is an average
subject with regard to caffeine pharmacokinetics. He has a regular habit of
consuming a cup of coffee (85 mg of caffeine) at 8 am.
What is the clearance value (CL) of caffeine in a normal individual? - ANSWER0.083
L/hr/kg
Which of the following routes is most likely to be affected by the first-pass effect? -
ANSWERoral
A drug, given as a 150 mg single dose, results in a peak plasma concentration of 10
ug/mL. The apparent volume of distribution is (rapid distribution and negligible
elimination prior to measuring the peak plasma level): - ANSWER15 L
Which of the following are routes of drug clearance?
-renal
-sweat
-intestines - ANSWERall of the above
What factor(s) may reduce drug bioavailability?
-gastric acid instability
-first-pass affect
-exposure to digestive enzymes - ANSWERall of the above
What type of receptor is the muscarinic receptor? - ANSWERG-protein coupled
receptor
, For a cholinesterase modified by an organophosphate compound (e.g. soman), what
is the time-dependent dealkylation process called yielding an enzyme refractory
toward reactivation? - ANSWERaging
Muscarinic receptors bind - ANSWERacetylcholine
Which of the following is a clinical use for a muscarinic agonist? -
ANSWER"switching on" the urinary tract after surgery
Indirect cholinergic agonists cause - ANSWERinhibition of acetylcholinesterase and
a corresponding increase in the synaptic acetylcholine levels
Which of the following is characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system? -
ANSWERresponded predominate during physical activity or when experiencing fright
A patient with an acute attack of glaucoma is treated with pilocarpine. The primary
reason for its effectiveness in this condition is its: - ANSWERability to lower
intraocular pressure
Put the following steps in the correct order for neurotransmission at the cholinergic
neuron - ANSWER1. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
2. acetylcholine is released from storage vesicles into the synaptic cleft
3. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
4. acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase
The autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except - ANSWERskeletal
muscle
A soldiers' unit has come under attack with a nerve agent. The symptoms exhibited
are skeletal muscle paralysis, profuse brachial secretions, miosis, bradycardia, and
convulsions. The alarm indicates exposure to an organophosphate. What is the
correct treatment? - ANSWERadminister atropine and 2-PAM (pralidoxime)
a study examining how a drug is distributed throughout the body and how the drug is
changed before eliminated is an example of - ANSWERpharmacokinetics
knowing that all three drugs interact with the same receptor, which drug is a
competitive antagonist? - ANSWERC on graph
rate the following drugs labeled 1-4 based on increasing efficacy -
ANSWER2<4<1<3
the safest and most convenient route for drug administration is - ANSWERoral
A 28-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after overdosing on
oxycodone, an opiate analgesic. She is unconscious and barely breathing when she
arrives at the hospital, but revives and is breathing normally within 2 minutes after
receiving an injection of naloxone. After about an hour, she requires another dose of
