TEST BANK For Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology
Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 2nd
Edition by Theresa M Capriotti
Anything that is considered non-self is what? - ANSWER:An antigen (foreigner)
Immunity is defined as: - ANSWER:The way the body defends itself against injurious
agents in the environment
Immune Response is aimed to protect cells from ____________ - ANSWER:Injurious
agents (Antigens)
Innate immunity refers to natural mechanisms that ward off invaders as
a___________ - ANSWER:First Line of defense
Anatomic barriers, Processes within the GI tract, Normal flora, Bodily Fluids &
Phagocytic cells - ANSWER:Components of Innate Immunity
Anatomical Barriers consist of ________ - ANSWER:1. Nasal epithelium(consist of
mucus producing cells and hair that traps inhaled substances)
2. intact skin prevents infection
3. mucus membrane
Phagocytic cells engulf and ingest __________ - ANSWER:microorganisms and other
noxious substances
macrophages and neutrophils - ANSWER:Types of phagocytic cells
1. Saliva: Pathogens are weakened by the enzymes and antibacterial properties in
the saliva.
2. Gastric juices: Destroys pathogens with HCL - ANSWER:Processes within the GI
tract
Normal Flora is ______________ that live in symbiosis with the body -
ANSWER:Natural bacteria colonies
C-diff or C-diff colitis is caused by - ANSWER:Abuse or misuse or antibacterials
____________________is when the normal flora in the gut is destroyed -
ANSWER:C-diff infection (Clostridium Difficle)
, Vancomycin - ANSWER:used to treat c. difficile. Must be taken orally for it to reach
the gut.
Stool Transplant - ANSWER:Transplanting stool from a healthy person to the colon of
a patient with repeat c.difficile infection has been shown to successfully treat c.diff.
Tears (flushes pathogens from the eyes)
Sweat (acts as an antibacterial on the skin)
Urine (its acidity eliminates antigens from the genitourinary tract) - ANSWER:Bodily
Secretions
The inflammatory reaction begins within seconds and can last ___________ -
ANSWER:minutes to days
__________________ is activated when the innate immunity is inadequate -
ANSWER:Adaptive immune system
Adaptive Immunity is ______________ - ANSWER:More specific
Adapative immunity______________, _______________, and develop memory for
that specific antigen. - ANSWER:recognize an antigen, and target the specific antigen
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) allows the body to ________________ -
ANSWER:distinguish between self from non-self. Antigens that belong to the host vs
antigens that are from an invader
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) aka - ANSWER:Major Histocompatibility complexes
(MHCs)
B lymphocytes (humoral immunity) mature within the - ANSWER:Bone marrow,
spleen, and lymph nodes
After exposure to an antigen _______________mature into plasma cells and
memory B cells - ANSWER:B-cells
Plasma cells produce? - ANSWER:immunoglobulins
aka antibodies which attacks the antigens
Memory B-cells stay in the ______________ in preparation for subsequent antigen
exposure - ANSWER:Lymph nodes
M, G, A, E, D - ANSWER:Ig M
Ig G
Ig A
Ig E
Ig D
Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 2nd
Edition by Theresa M Capriotti
Anything that is considered non-self is what? - ANSWER:An antigen (foreigner)
Immunity is defined as: - ANSWER:The way the body defends itself against injurious
agents in the environment
Immune Response is aimed to protect cells from ____________ - ANSWER:Injurious
agents (Antigens)
Innate immunity refers to natural mechanisms that ward off invaders as
a___________ - ANSWER:First Line of defense
Anatomic barriers, Processes within the GI tract, Normal flora, Bodily Fluids &
Phagocytic cells - ANSWER:Components of Innate Immunity
Anatomical Barriers consist of ________ - ANSWER:1. Nasal epithelium(consist of
mucus producing cells and hair that traps inhaled substances)
2. intact skin prevents infection
3. mucus membrane
Phagocytic cells engulf and ingest __________ - ANSWER:microorganisms and other
noxious substances
macrophages and neutrophils - ANSWER:Types of phagocytic cells
1. Saliva: Pathogens are weakened by the enzymes and antibacterial properties in
the saliva.
2. Gastric juices: Destroys pathogens with HCL - ANSWER:Processes within the GI
tract
Normal Flora is ______________ that live in symbiosis with the body -
ANSWER:Natural bacteria colonies
C-diff or C-diff colitis is caused by - ANSWER:Abuse or misuse or antibacterials
____________________is when the normal flora in the gut is destroyed -
ANSWER:C-diff infection (Clostridium Difficle)
, Vancomycin - ANSWER:used to treat c. difficile. Must be taken orally for it to reach
the gut.
Stool Transplant - ANSWER:Transplanting stool from a healthy person to the colon of
a patient with repeat c.difficile infection has been shown to successfully treat c.diff.
Tears (flushes pathogens from the eyes)
Sweat (acts as an antibacterial on the skin)
Urine (its acidity eliminates antigens from the genitourinary tract) - ANSWER:Bodily
Secretions
The inflammatory reaction begins within seconds and can last ___________ -
ANSWER:minutes to days
__________________ is activated when the innate immunity is inadequate -
ANSWER:Adaptive immune system
Adaptive Immunity is ______________ - ANSWER:More specific
Adapative immunity______________, _______________, and develop memory for
that specific antigen. - ANSWER:recognize an antigen, and target the specific antigen
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) allows the body to ________________ -
ANSWER:distinguish between self from non-self. Antigens that belong to the host vs
antigens that are from an invader
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) aka - ANSWER:Major Histocompatibility complexes
(MHCs)
B lymphocytes (humoral immunity) mature within the - ANSWER:Bone marrow,
spleen, and lymph nodes
After exposure to an antigen _______________mature into plasma cells and
memory B cells - ANSWER:B-cells
Plasma cells produce? - ANSWER:immunoglobulins
aka antibodies which attacks the antigens
Memory B-cells stay in the ______________ in preparation for subsequent antigen
exposure - ANSWER:Lymph nodes
M, G, A, E, D - ANSWER:Ig M
Ig G
Ig A
Ig E
Ig D
