NR507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM1M-
MANSWERMTypeM1:MAllergicMreaction,MMediatedMbyMIgE,MInflammationMdueMtoMmastMcellMdegranulation
LocalMsymptoms:M
-itching
-rash
SystemicMsymptoms:M
-wheezing
MostMdangerousM=ManaphylacticMreaction
systemicMresponseMofMhypotension,MsevereMbronchoconstriction
MainMtreatment:MepinephrineMreversesMtheMeffects
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM2M-MANSWERMTypeM2:MCytotoxicMreaction;MtissueMspecificM(ex:MthyroidMtissue)
MacrophagesMareMtheMprimaryMeffectorsMcellsMinvolved
CanMcauseMtissueMdamageMorMalterMfunction
Grave'sMdiseaseM(hyperthyroidism)M-
MexampleMofMalteringMthyroidMfunction,MbutMdoesMnotMdestroyMthyroidMtissue
IncompatibleMbloodMtype-
MexampleMofMcell/tissueMdamageMthatMoccurs;MsevereMtransfusionMreactionMoccursMandMtheMtransfusedMe
rythrocytesMareMdestroyedMbyMagglutinationMorMcomplement-mediatedMlysis.
TypeM1MHypersensitivityMVS.MTypeM2MHypersensitivityM-MANSWERMTypeM1MHypersensitivity
, OrganMSpecific
AntibodyMbindsMtoMtheMantigenMonMtheMcellMsurface
TypeM2MHypersensitivity
NotMOrganMSpecific
AntibodyMbindsMtoMtheMsolubleMantigenMoutsideMtheMcellMsurfaceMthatMwasMreleasedMintoMtheMbloodMorM
bodyMfluids,MandMtheMcomplexMisMthenMdepositedMinMtheMtissues
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM3M-MExamplesM-
MANSWERMRheumatoidMarthritis:MAntigen/antibodiesMareMdepositedMinMtheMjoints
SystemicMLupusMErythematosusM(SLE)-MveryMcloselyMrelatedMtoMautoimmunity-
Mantigen/antibodiesMdepositMinMorgansMthatMcauseMtissueMdamage
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM4M-MANSWERMDelayedMresponse
DoesMnotMinvolveMantigen/antibodyMcomplexesMlikeMTypesM1,M2MandM3
IsMT-cellMmediated
DifferentiatingMBetweenMtheMRashMofMaMTypeM1Mvs.MTypeM4MReaction:M-
MANSWERMTypeM1:MImmediateMhypersensitivityMreactions,MtermedMatopicMdermatitis,MareMusuallyMcharac
terizedMbyMwidelyMdistributedMlesions
TypeM4:MContactMdermatitisM(delayedMhypersensitivity)MconsistsMofMlesionsMonlyMatMtheMsiteMofMcontactM
withMtheMallergen
TheMkeyMdeterminantMisMtheMtimingMofMtheMrash:M
-TypeM1M=MImmediateM
-TypeM4M=MDelayed:MSeveralMdaysMfollowingMcontact,MexMwouldMbeMpoisonMivy
MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM1M-
MANSWERMTypeM1:MAllergicMreaction,MMediatedMbyMIgE,MInflammationMdueMtoMmastMcellMdegranulation
LocalMsymptoms:M
-itching
-rash
SystemicMsymptoms:M
-wheezing
MostMdangerousM=ManaphylacticMreaction
systemicMresponseMofMhypotension,MsevereMbronchoconstriction
MainMtreatment:MepinephrineMreversesMtheMeffects
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM2M-MANSWERMTypeM2:MCytotoxicMreaction;MtissueMspecificM(ex:MthyroidMtissue)
MacrophagesMareMtheMprimaryMeffectorsMcellsMinvolved
CanMcauseMtissueMdamageMorMalterMfunction
Grave'sMdiseaseM(hyperthyroidism)M-
MexampleMofMalteringMthyroidMfunction,MbutMdoesMnotMdestroyMthyroidMtissue
IncompatibleMbloodMtype-
MexampleMofMcell/tissueMdamageMthatMoccurs;MsevereMtransfusionMreactionMoccursMandMtheMtransfusedMe
rythrocytesMareMdestroyedMbyMagglutinationMorMcomplement-mediatedMlysis.
TypeM1MHypersensitivityMVS.MTypeM2MHypersensitivityM-MANSWERMTypeM1MHypersensitivity
, OrganMSpecific
AntibodyMbindsMtoMtheMantigenMonMtheMcellMsurface
TypeM2MHypersensitivity
NotMOrganMSpecific
AntibodyMbindsMtoMtheMsolubleMantigenMoutsideMtheMcellMsurfaceMthatMwasMreleasedMintoMtheMbloodMorM
bodyMfluids,MandMtheMcomplexMisMthenMdepositedMinMtheMtissues
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM3M-MExamplesM-
MANSWERMRheumatoidMarthritis:MAntigen/antibodiesMareMdepositedMinMtheMjoints
SystemicMLupusMErythematosusM(SLE)-MveryMcloselyMrelatedMtoMautoimmunity-
Mantigen/antibodiesMdepositMinMorgansMthatMcauseMtissueMdamage
Hypersensitivity:MTypeM4M-MANSWERMDelayedMresponse
DoesMnotMinvolveMantigen/antibodyMcomplexesMlikeMTypesM1,M2MandM3
IsMT-cellMmediated
DifferentiatingMBetweenMtheMRashMofMaMTypeM1Mvs.MTypeM4MReaction:M-
MANSWERMTypeM1:MImmediateMhypersensitivityMreactions,MtermedMatopicMdermatitis,MareMusuallyMcharac
terizedMbyMwidelyMdistributedMlesions
TypeM4:MContactMdermatitisM(delayedMhypersensitivity)MconsistsMofMlesionsMonlyMatMtheMsiteMofMcontactM
withMtheMallergen
TheMkeyMdeterminantMisMtheMtimingMofMtheMrash:M
-TypeM1M=MImmediateM
-TypeM4M=MDelayed:MSeveralMdaysMfollowingMcontact,MexMwouldMbeMpoisonMivy
