SUPA Forensics Final Exam Questions
with Accurate Answers
Locard's Exchange Principle - -whenever two objects come together they
must affect each other in some way. Something is likely to be exchanged
between them.
-Frye - -Technique must be accepted by a "meaningful segment of the
relevant scientific community" through:
Books
Papers
prior judicial decisions
length of existence of technique
Very slow and inflexible
-Joiner - -The court may conclude that there is too great a gap between the
data and the opinion
-Daubert - -Established alternate standard to Frye for all Federal evidence.
It is based upon sufficient facts or data
It is a product of reliable principles and methods
The principles are applied reliably to the facts of the case.
-Kumho Tire- - -Supreme Court extended Daubert's holding to include non-
scientific expert testimony
-4th Ammendment - -search and seizure
-Warrantless searches are allowed when: - -Emergency (fire, call for help,
person in distress)
Permission for search (asking of owner-consent)
Arrested- can search person and immediate surroundings
To prevent any destruction of evidence
-Steps taken at crime scene - -Secure and isolate the scene
Evidence Team
Specific Packaging
-Team leader - -assume control and access, determine search pattern and
assignments, coordinate groups involved
-Photographer - -photograph entire scene (before and after entered),
prepare photographic log
, -Sketch preparer - -diagram area of scene, rough and finished sketch,
double check measurements, set to scale
-Evidence collector and recorder - -have evidence photographed and sketch
before collection, describe evidence and location, package evidence,
maintain chain of custody and evidence log
-blood should be put in ________ - -paper bags
-Arson evidence should be kept in _________ - -airtight sealed container
-Identification - -Determining the identity of an object or substance (what is
it?)
-Comparisons - -did the two samples come from the same source?
-Individual Characteristics - -properties that can be traced to one source
-examples of individual characteristics - -Fingerprints
DNA
Ballistics
-Crime Scene Reconstruction - -supports likely sequence of events by the
observation and evaluation of physical evidence and the statements made
by witnesses and those involved in the incident
-DNA - -deoxyribonucleic acid)
-structure of DNA - -double helix (determined by Watson and Crick)
-Base unit of DNA - -nucleotides
-What makes up DNA - -Phosphate group
5c sugar
Nitrogenous base
-Bases of DNA - -Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
-RFLP - -restriction fragment length polymorphism
-Steps of RFLP - -DNA sample is taken
Enzymes break DNA into restriction fragments
Thousands of DNA fragments of different sizes are generated
with Accurate Answers
Locard's Exchange Principle - -whenever two objects come together they
must affect each other in some way. Something is likely to be exchanged
between them.
-Frye - -Technique must be accepted by a "meaningful segment of the
relevant scientific community" through:
Books
Papers
prior judicial decisions
length of existence of technique
Very slow and inflexible
-Joiner - -The court may conclude that there is too great a gap between the
data and the opinion
-Daubert - -Established alternate standard to Frye for all Federal evidence.
It is based upon sufficient facts or data
It is a product of reliable principles and methods
The principles are applied reliably to the facts of the case.
-Kumho Tire- - -Supreme Court extended Daubert's holding to include non-
scientific expert testimony
-4th Ammendment - -search and seizure
-Warrantless searches are allowed when: - -Emergency (fire, call for help,
person in distress)
Permission for search (asking of owner-consent)
Arrested- can search person and immediate surroundings
To prevent any destruction of evidence
-Steps taken at crime scene - -Secure and isolate the scene
Evidence Team
Specific Packaging
-Team leader - -assume control and access, determine search pattern and
assignments, coordinate groups involved
-Photographer - -photograph entire scene (before and after entered),
prepare photographic log
, -Sketch preparer - -diagram area of scene, rough and finished sketch,
double check measurements, set to scale
-Evidence collector and recorder - -have evidence photographed and sketch
before collection, describe evidence and location, package evidence,
maintain chain of custody and evidence log
-blood should be put in ________ - -paper bags
-Arson evidence should be kept in _________ - -airtight sealed container
-Identification - -Determining the identity of an object or substance (what is
it?)
-Comparisons - -did the two samples come from the same source?
-Individual Characteristics - -properties that can be traced to one source
-examples of individual characteristics - -Fingerprints
DNA
Ballistics
-Crime Scene Reconstruction - -supports likely sequence of events by the
observation and evaluation of physical evidence and the statements made
by witnesses and those involved in the incident
-DNA - -deoxyribonucleic acid)
-structure of DNA - -double helix (determined by Watson and Crick)
-Base unit of DNA - -nucleotides
-What makes up DNA - -Phosphate group
5c sugar
Nitrogenous base
-Bases of DNA - -Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
-RFLP - -restriction fragment length polymorphism
-Steps of RFLP - -DNA sample is taken
Enzymes break DNA into restriction fragments
Thousands of DNA fragments of different sizes are generated
