Nursing Fundamentals Test Bank
questions with answers
Eccentric tension - ANSWERS A type of muscle tension that helps control the speed and direction of
movement.
Isotonic contraction - ANSWERS A type of muscle contraction that results in movement, such as
raising or lowering a body part.
Concentric tension - ANSWERS Increased muscle contraction that causes muscle shortening,
resulting in movement.
Isometric contraction - ANSWERS A static contraction that causes an increase in muscle tension
without shortening or active movement of the muscle.
Scoliosis - ANSWERS A structural curvature of the spine associated with vertebral rotation.
Osteogenesis imperfecta - ANSWERS An inherited disorder that makes bones porous, short, bowed,
and deformed.
Osteocalcin - ANSWERS An uncommon metabolic disease characterized by inadequate and delayed
mineralization, resulting in compact and spongy bone.
Arthritis - ANSWERS An inflammatory joint disease characterized by inflammation or destruction of
the synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
Joint degeneration - ANSWERS Changes in articular cartilage combined with overgrowth of bone at
the articular ends, commonly affecting weight-bearing joints.
Base of support - ANSWERS The area beneath an object or person that includes every point of
contact that the object or person makes with the supporting surface.
, Center of gravity - ANSWERS The point at which the body's mass is evenly distributed in all
directions.
Lumbar muscle group - ANSWERS The group of muscles around the lumbar vertebrae that are
commonly injured by twisting during the lifting of patients.
Synovial joints - ANSWERS Freely movable joints that are the most mobile, numerous, and
anatomically complex body joints.
Fibrous joints - ANSWERS Joints that fit closely together and are fixed, permitting little, if any,
movement.
Cartilaginous joints - ANSWERS Joints that have little movement but are elastic and use cartilage to
unite separate bony surfaces.
Proprioception - ANSWERS The awareness of the position of the body and its parts.
Semicircular canals - ANSWERS Three fluid-filled structures in the inner ear that help maintain
balance.
Weight-bearing joints - ANSWERS Joints that are commonly affected by degenerative changes due
to joint degeneration.
Inflammatory joint disease - ANSWERS A condition characterized by inflammation or destruction of
the synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
Static contraction - ANSWERS Another term for isometric contraction, where there is no shortening
or active movement of the muscle.
Dynamic contraction - ANSWERS Muscle actions that involve movement, including both concentric
and eccentric contractions.
Quadriceps set exercises - ANSWERS Exercises that involve instructing the patient to tighten and
relax the quadriceps muscle group.
questions with answers
Eccentric tension - ANSWERS A type of muscle tension that helps control the speed and direction of
movement.
Isotonic contraction - ANSWERS A type of muscle contraction that results in movement, such as
raising or lowering a body part.
Concentric tension - ANSWERS Increased muscle contraction that causes muscle shortening,
resulting in movement.
Isometric contraction - ANSWERS A static contraction that causes an increase in muscle tension
without shortening or active movement of the muscle.
Scoliosis - ANSWERS A structural curvature of the spine associated with vertebral rotation.
Osteogenesis imperfecta - ANSWERS An inherited disorder that makes bones porous, short, bowed,
and deformed.
Osteocalcin - ANSWERS An uncommon metabolic disease characterized by inadequate and delayed
mineralization, resulting in compact and spongy bone.
Arthritis - ANSWERS An inflammatory joint disease characterized by inflammation or destruction of
the synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
Joint degeneration - ANSWERS Changes in articular cartilage combined with overgrowth of bone at
the articular ends, commonly affecting weight-bearing joints.
Base of support - ANSWERS The area beneath an object or person that includes every point of
contact that the object or person makes with the supporting surface.
, Center of gravity - ANSWERS The point at which the body's mass is evenly distributed in all
directions.
Lumbar muscle group - ANSWERS The group of muscles around the lumbar vertebrae that are
commonly injured by twisting during the lifting of patients.
Synovial joints - ANSWERS Freely movable joints that are the most mobile, numerous, and
anatomically complex body joints.
Fibrous joints - ANSWERS Joints that fit closely together and are fixed, permitting little, if any,
movement.
Cartilaginous joints - ANSWERS Joints that have little movement but are elastic and use cartilage to
unite separate bony surfaces.
Proprioception - ANSWERS The awareness of the position of the body and its parts.
Semicircular canals - ANSWERS Three fluid-filled structures in the inner ear that help maintain
balance.
Weight-bearing joints - ANSWERS Joints that are commonly affected by degenerative changes due
to joint degeneration.
Inflammatory joint disease - ANSWERS A condition characterized by inflammation or destruction of
the synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
Static contraction - ANSWERS Another term for isometric contraction, where there is no shortening
or active movement of the muscle.
Dynamic contraction - ANSWERS Muscle actions that involve movement, including both concentric
and eccentric contractions.
Quadriceps set exercises - ANSWERS Exercises that involve instructing the patient to tighten and
relax the quadriceps muscle group.
