CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
(CGDR) DCF EXAM INFORMATION:
m Formal Operations - 11 and up, can reason in hypothetical situations, abstract thought.
Theory - A set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study
Initiative vs. guilt - Preschool
7-11 years old - Concrete operational
child stops being ego centric
Jean Piaget's
piaget's theory - 4 cognitive stages through which individuals actively construct their understanding of
the world
Formal Operations Age (11 + )
rates - All children develop at their
own
level 2 - safety and security
Transportation, neighborhood, safe relationships, and childcare
trust vs mistrust - infant
temperament - personality component that ranges from very calm to very exitable
Maslow's hierarchy - Hierarchy of needs. Predicts needs we will be motivated to satisfy first.
biological needs to sustain life
(ex) food, clothing, air, shelter, employment, health care
Growth - refers to specific body changes and increases in child's size; such as child's weight, height, head
circumference, and body mass index.
, Development - refers to an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more complicated.
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development - this theory suggests that a child can perform
a task under adult guidance, or with peer collaboration, that he/she could not achieve alone.
Pre-operational: 2-7 years old - children are bound by what they experience directly and not by what
they think.
self-esteem ("My needs will be met. " I am worthy of this person's attention") - Security
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity. - Sensorimotor: 0-2 years old
Object permanence is a characteristic
Jean Piaget's
health and wellness -
reciprocal teaching - an approach to instruction that features interactive dialogue between teachers and
students.
brain development -
social and emotional development - refers to how children feel about themselves and their relationships
with others.
developmental obstacles -
developmental milestones - approximate ages at which children reach specific normative events
positive reinforcement - reinforcement that strengthens behavior by following behaviors with desirable
consequences
cognitive development - gradual, orderly changes by which mental processes become more complex and
sophisticated
DAP - Developmentally Appropriate Practice
heredity - the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to
another.
prevention -
approaches to learning - the attitudes and skills used in learning across all domains
redirection - turning children's attention in another direction
physical development - involves advances in physical abilities
language and communication - the ability to transmit encoded thoughts from the mind of one individual
to another, usually verbal.
(CGDR) DCF EXAM INFORMATION:
m Formal Operations - 11 and up, can reason in hypothetical situations, abstract thought.
Theory - A set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study
Initiative vs. guilt - Preschool
7-11 years old - Concrete operational
child stops being ego centric
Jean Piaget's
piaget's theory - 4 cognitive stages through which individuals actively construct their understanding of
the world
Formal Operations Age (11 + )
rates - All children develop at their
own
level 2 - safety and security
Transportation, neighborhood, safe relationships, and childcare
trust vs mistrust - infant
temperament - personality component that ranges from very calm to very exitable
Maslow's hierarchy - Hierarchy of needs. Predicts needs we will be motivated to satisfy first.
biological needs to sustain life
(ex) food, clothing, air, shelter, employment, health care
Growth - refers to specific body changes and increases in child's size; such as child's weight, height, head
circumference, and body mass index.
, Development - refers to an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more complicated.
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development - this theory suggests that a child can perform
a task under adult guidance, or with peer collaboration, that he/she could not achieve alone.
Pre-operational: 2-7 years old - children are bound by what they experience directly and not by what
they think.
self-esteem ("My needs will be met. " I am worthy of this person's attention") - Security
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity. - Sensorimotor: 0-2 years old
Object permanence is a characteristic
Jean Piaget's
health and wellness -
reciprocal teaching - an approach to instruction that features interactive dialogue between teachers and
students.
brain development -
social and emotional development - refers to how children feel about themselves and their relationships
with others.
developmental obstacles -
developmental milestones - approximate ages at which children reach specific normative events
positive reinforcement - reinforcement that strengthens behavior by following behaviors with desirable
consequences
cognitive development - gradual, orderly changes by which mental processes become more complex and
sophisticated
DAP - Developmentally Appropriate Practice
heredity - the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to
another.
prevention -
approaches to learning - the attitudes and skills used in learning across all domains
redirection - turning children's attention in another direction
physical development - involves advances in physical abilities
language and communication - the ability to transmit encoded thoughts from the mind of one individual
to another, usually verbal.
