Organic Chemistry 6th Edition TEST BANK, ISBN:
9781260119107: Smith, Janice, All 29 Chapters Covered,
Verified Latest Edition
Activation energy - ANSWER:The minimum amount of energy which colliding
molecules must have before they can react together.
Addition polymer - ANSWER:A polymer made by the combining together of small
unsaturated molecules of the same compound.
Addition reaction - ANSWER:A reaction in which the double or triple bond of an
unsaturated compound opens up and other atoms add on to the molecule. Addition
reactions are characteristic of the alkenes and alkynes.
Alkali metals - ANSWER:The elements of Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
Allotropes - ANSWER:Allotropes are different physical forms of the same element
(and are due to different arrangements of the atoms of the element). The allotropes
of carbon are diamond, graphite and charcoal.
Aliphatic compound - ANSWER:Compound whose molecule contain only chains of
carbon atoms.
Alkali - ANSWER:A base that is soluble in water.
Alkaline earth metals - ANSWER:The elements of Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
Alkanes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there are only single bonds between
carbon atoms.
Alkenes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there is a double bond between two
carbon atoms.
Alkynes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there is a triple bond between two carbon
atoms.
Alloy - ANSWER:A mixture of metals.
Amphoteric oxide - ANSWER:An oxide which shows both acidic and basic properties
(i.e., it can react with both alkalis and acids).
Amphoteric substance - ANSWER:One which can act both as an acid and as a base
Anion - ANSWER:The ion which is attracted to the anode.
, Anode - ANSWER:The positive electrode in electrolysis.
Anodising - ANSWER:Anodising is a process in which the normal thin layer of oxide
on the surface of aluminium is artificially thickened to give it added protection from
corrosion. It is done by making aluminium the anode in an electrolysis cell in which
dilute sulphuric is electrolysed.
Aromatic compounds - ANSWER:Compounds whose molecules contain a 6-
membered ring of carbon atoms.
Atomic number - ANSWER:The atomic number corresponds to the number of
protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. It also corresponds to the number
of electrons in the neutral atom.
Aufbau principle - ANSWER:Electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.
Autocatalysis - ANSWER:The catalysis of a reaction by one of the products of that
reaction.
Avogadro constant - ANSWER:The number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of
the carbon-12 isotope.
Avogadro's law - ANSWER:Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and
pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) - ANSWER:A measure of the amount of organic
pollution in water. It is defined as the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by
biochemical action, when a sample of water is kept in the dark at 20° C for 5 days.
Boyle's law - ANSWER:For a fixed mass of gas is kept at constant temperature, the
volume is inversely proportional to the pressure.
Brønsted acid - ANSWER:A substance (molecule or ion) that can donate protons.
Brønsted base - ANSWER:A substance that can accept protons.
Catalysis - ANSWER:The process of changing the rate of a chemical reaction by the
action of a catalyst.
Catalyst
. - ANSWER:A substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction but which is not
used up during the reaction, and which is chemically unchanged at the end of it
Catalyst poison - ANSWER:A substance which destroys the activity of a catalyst.
Cathode - ANSWER:The negative electrode in electrolysis
9781260119107: Smith, Janice, All 29 Chapters Covered,
Verified Latest Edition
Activation energy - ANSWER:The minimum amount of energy which colliding
molecules must have before they can react together.
Addition polymer - ANSWER:A polymer made by the combining together of small
unsaturated molecules of the same compound.
Addition reaction - ANSWER:A reaction in which the double or triple bond of an
unsaturated compound opens up and other atoms add on to the molecule. Addition
reactions are characteristic of the alkenes and alkynes.
Alkali metals - ANSWER:The elements of Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
Allotropes - ANSWER:Allotropes are different physical forms of the same element
(and are due to different arrangements of the atoms of the element). The allotropes
of carbon are diamond, graphite and charcoal.
Aliphatic compound - ANSWER:Compound whose molecule contain only chains of
carbon atoms.
Alkali - ANSWER:A base that is soluble in water.
Alkaline earth metals - ANSWER:The elements of Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
Alkanes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there are only single bonds between
carbon atoms.
Alkenes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there is a double bond between two
carbon atoms.
Alkynes - ANSWER:Hydrocarbons in which there is a triple bond between two carbon
atoms.
Alloy - ANSWER:A mixture of metals.
Amphoteric oxide - ANSWER:An oxide which shows both acidic and basic properties
(i.e., it can react with both alkalis and acids).
Amphoteric substance - ANSWER:One which can act both as an acid and as a base
Anion - ANSWER:The ion which is attracted to the anode.
, Anode - ANSWER:The positive electrode in electrolysis.
Anodising - ANSWER:Anodising is a process in which the normal thin layer of oxide
on the surface of aluminium is artificially thickened to give it added protection from
corrosion. It is done by making aluminium the anode in an electrolysis cell in which
dilute sulphuric is electrolysed.
Aromatic compounds - ANSWER:Compounds whose molecules contain a 6-
membered ring of carbon atoms.
Atomic number - ANSWER:The atomic number corresponds to the number of
protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. It also corresponds to the number
of electrons in the neutral atom.
Aufbau principle - ANSWER:Electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.
Autocatalysis - ANSWER:The catalysis of a reaction by one of the products of that
reaction.
Avogadro constant - ANSWER:The number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of
the carbon-12 isotope.
Avogadro's law - ANSWER:Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and
pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) - ANSWER:A measure of the amount of organic
pollution in water. It is defined as the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by
biochemical action, when a sample of water is kept in the dark at 20° C for 5 days.
Boyle's law - ANSWER:For a fixed mass of gas is kept at constant temperature, the
volume is inversely proportional to the pressure.
Brønsted acid - ANSWER:A substance (molecule or ion) that can donate protons.
Brønsted base - ANSWER:A substance that can accept protons.
Catalysis - ANSWER:The process of changing the rate of a chemical reaction by the
action of a catalyst.
Catalyst
. - ANSWER:A substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction but which is not
used up during the reaction, and which is chemically unchanged at the end of it
Catalyst poison - ANSWER:A substance which destroys the activity of a catalyst.
Cathode - ANSWER:The negative electrode in electrolysis
