2024 CHAMBERLAIN NR 511
MIDTERM EXAM WITH ANSWERS
What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAlcohol, NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances
T or F: Pityriasis Rosea is an easily identified virus - CORRECT-ANSWERSFalse
What population is affected and what is the timing for Pityriasis Rosea? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 10-35 years
2. Females > Males
3. Springtime
What is the hallmark sign of Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSolitary
2-4 cm patch or plaque on the trunk 2-3 weeks before a generalized rash.
This is called a Harold Patch.
What does the generalized rash of Pityriasis Rosea look like? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSErythematous, round to oval plaques and papule with scaly
boarders.
What parts of the body are spared in Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFace, palms of hands and soles of feet
What are the s/s of Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-ANSWERSLow grade fever,
headache, and fatigue.
T or F: The rash cased by Pityriasis Rosea can last 1-2 months or longer. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSTrue
What is the differential diagnosis for Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Tinea Versicolor
2. Drug eruption
3. Psoriasis
How is Pityriasis Rosea tested for? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical diagnosis
How is Pityriasis Rosea treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Topical steroids,
systemic if intractable.
2. Acyclovir for 1 week may decreased severity
3. UV light may enhance clearing
,4. Avoid trauma and harsh chemicals on skin
5. Spontaneous clearing may take weeks or months
How long is a person with Pityriasis Rosea contagious? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS7-14 days prior to rash, but not once the rash appears.
What viruses are responsible for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSCoxsackie Virus A16 and Enterovirus 71
What is the prodrome of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Low grade fever
2. Fatigue
3. Sore throat a few days before rash
How does Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease present? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLesions on the buccal mucosa, palate, palms of the hands, soles of
the feet and buttocks. Lesions are often vesicles with erythematous halos.
What is the first sign of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in 90% of cases? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSMouth sores
T or F: Lesions of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease usually resolve in 3 days. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSFalse, 7 days.
What is the differential diagnosis for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Varicella
2. Herpes Simplex
How is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
History and clinical diagnosis
How is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease treated? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSSymptomatically, this is a self-limiting disease. Analgesics for pain
and fever, topical antihistamines/anesthetics.
When is a patient with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease contagious? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS4-6 days before rash begins. Patient can return to
activity once lesions are scabbed.
What virus is responsible for molluscum contagiosum and who can it affect? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSPoxviridae, affects both children and adults.
How does molluscum contagiosum present? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 2-5mm
pustu.es with a depression in the center. 2. Single or multiple lesions may
occur
3. Flesh-colored
,How is molluscum contagiosum spread? - CORRECT-ANSWERSContact,
scratching, auto inoculation or shaving
Where does molluscum contagiosum usually occur on the body? What parts
are spared? - CORRECT-ANSWERSChildren: Thighs and arms
Adults: Genitals
Spared: Soles and palms...ALWAYS
How long do papule of molluscum contagiosum last? How about the virus
that causes it? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 8 weeks
2. 8+ months
What is the differential diagnosis for molluscum contagiosum? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Genital warts
2. Hypersensitivity reaction
3. Genital folliculitis
How is molluscum contagiosum diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical.
Often misdiagnosed as genital warts.
What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
OTC creams such as Zymaderm
2. Rx containing retinoids may be helpful
3. Oral cimetidine 40mg/kg/day x 2 months
4. Cryosurgery (liquid nitrogen), scarring and hypopigmentation of the skin
may occur.
When can a person infected with molluscum contagiosum return to activity? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSOnce they are symptom-free.
What is the etiology of Folliculitis? - CORRECT-ANSWERSBacteria, fungus, or
yeast.
T or F: the most common cause of folliculitis is gram - bacteria. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFalse, gram + S. aureas
How does folliculitis present? - CORRECT-ANSWERSPustules and erythema
around hair follicle.
How is folliculitis diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical
How is intractable folliculitis treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCulture and
sensitivity of draining within the pustule to know which antibiotic to use.
, T or F: KOH is used to determine if folliculitis fungal or yeast-related. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSTrue
What is the differential diagnosis for folliculitis? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Acne
2. Varicella
3. Papular eczema
4. Drug eruption
How is folliculitis treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Topical antibiotic or
systemic + topical if needing to cover larger area.
2. Doxycycline 100mg BID x 14 days
3. Bactrim DS BID x 7-10 days
4. Chlorhexidine wash twice a week to decrease staph on skin.
What is the most common etiology of abscesses? - CORRECT-ANSWERSS.
aureus
What is a furuncle? - CORRECT-ANSWERSInfection that involves the hair
follicle and extends to surrounding tissue (usually axillae, neck and buttock)
What is a carbuncle? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCluster of abscesses that connect
subcutaneously and form one large mass.
What is the presentation of furuncle and carbuncle? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRed, warm, tender nodule, may be fluctuant.
What is the differential diagnosis of abscess? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Drug
eruption
2. Bug bite
3. Group A strep infection
How are abscesses treated non-pharmacologically? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
Keep the area clean
2. Apply warm compresses TID
3. Cover if draining
When should incision and drainage (I&D) be considered for an abscess? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSWhen the abscess is fluctuant (able to move or
compress substance of mass). I&D usually provides symptomatic relief since
the pressure is reduced.
How are abscesses treated pharmacologically? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Broad
spectrum antibiotic after I&D until culture results obtained to ensure
coverage.
2. Cover with mupirocin (bactroban) ointment and non-stick bandage.
MIDTERM EXAM WITH ANSWERS
What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAlcohol, NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances
T or F: Pityriasis Rosea is an easily identified virus - CORRECT-ANSWERSFalse
What population is affected and what is the timing for Pityriasis Rosea? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 10-35 years
2. Females > Males
3. Springtime
What is the hallmark sign of Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSolitary
2-4 cm patch or plaque on the trunk 2-3 weeks before a generalized rash.
This is called a Harold Patch.
What does the generalized rash of Pityriasis Rosea look like? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSErythematous, round to oval plaques and papule with scaly
boarders.
What parts of the body are spared in Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFace, palms of hands and soles of feet
What are the s/s of Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-ANSWERSLow grade fever,
headache, and fatigue.
T or F: The rash cased by Pityriasis Rosea can last 1-2 months or longer. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSTrue
What is the differential diagnosis for Pityriasis Rosea? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Tinea Versicolor
2. Drug eruption
3. Psoriasis
How is Pityriasis Rosea tested for? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical diagnosis
How is Pityriasis Rosea treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Topical steroids,
systemic if intractable.
2. Acyclovir for 1 week may decreased severity
3. UV light may enhance clearing
,4. Avoid trauma and harsh chemicals on skin
5. Spontaneous clearing may take weeks or months
How long is a person with Pityriasis Rosea contagious? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS7-14 days prior to rash, but not once the rash appears.
What viruses are responsible for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSCoxsackie Virus A16 and Enterovirus 71
What is the prodrome of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Low grade fever
2. Fatigue
3. Sore throat a few days before rash
How does Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease present? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLesions on the buccal mucosa, palate, palms of the hands, soles of
the feet and buttocks. Lesions are often vesicles with erythematous halos.
What is the first sign of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in 90% of cases? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSMouth sores
T or F: Lesions of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease usually resolve in 3 days. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSFalse, 7 days.
What is the differential diagnosis for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Varicella
2. Herpes Simplex
How is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
History and clinical diagnosis
How is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease treated? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSSymptomatically, this is a self-limiting disease. Analgesics for pain
and fever, topical antihistamines/anesthetics.
When is a patient with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease contagious? -
CORRECT-ANSWERS4-6 days before rash begins. Patient can return to
activity once lesions are scabbed.
What virus is responsible for molluscum contagiosum and who can it affect? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSPoxviridae, affects both children and adults.
How does molluscum contagiosum present? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 2-5mm
pustu.es with a depression in the center. 2. Single or multiple lesions may
occur
3. Flesh-colored
,How is molluscum contagiosum spread? - CORRECT-ANSWERSContact,
scratching, auto inoculation or shaving
Where does molluscum contagiosum usually occur on the body? What parts
are spared? - CORRECT-ANSWERSChildren: Thighs and arms
Adults: Genitals
Spared: Soles and palms...ALWAYS
How long do papule of molluscum contagiosum last? How about the virus
that causes it? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. 8 weeks
2. 8+ months
What is the differential diagnosis for molluscum contagiosum? - CORRECT-
ANSWERS1. Genital warts
2. Hypersensitivity reaction
3. Genital folliculitis
How is molluscum contagiosum diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical.
Often misdiagnosed as genital warts.
What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
OTC creams such as Zymaderm
2. Rx containing retinoids may be helpful
3. Oral cimetidine 40mg/kg/day x 2 months
4. Cryosurgery (liquid nitrogen), scarring and hypopigmentation of the skin
may occur.
When can a person infected with molluscum contagiosum return to activity? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSOnce they are symptom-free.
What is the etiology of Folliculitis? - CORRECT-ANSWERSBacteria, fungus, or
yeast.
T or F: the most common cause of folliculitis is gram - bacteria. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFalse, gram + S. aureas
How does folliculitis present? - CORRECT-ANSWERSPustules and erythema
around hair follicle.
How is folliculitis diagnosed? - CORRECT-ANSWERSClinical
How is intractable folliculitis treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCulture and
sensitivity of draining within the pustule to know which antibiotic to use.
, T or F: KOH is used to determine if folliculitis fungal or yeast-related. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSTrue
What is the differential diagnosis for folliculitis? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Acne
2. Varicella
3. Papular eczema
4. Drug eruption
How is folliculitis treated? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Topical antibiotic or
systemic + topical if needing to cover larger area.
2. Doxycycline 100mg BID x 14 days
3. Bactrim DS BID x 7-10 days
4. Chlorhexidine wash twice a week to decrease staph on skin.
What is the most common etiology of abscesses? - CORRECT-ANSWERSS.
aureus
What is a furuncle? - CORRECT-ANSWERSInfection that involves the hair
follicle and extends to surrounding tissue (usually axillae, neck and buttock)
What is a carbuncle? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCluster of abscesses that connect
subcutaneously and form one large mass.
What is the presentation of furuncle and carbuncle? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRed, warm, tender nodule, may be fluctuant.
What is the differential diagnosis of abscess? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Drug
eruption
2. Bug bite
3. Group A strep infection
How are abscesses treated non-pharmacologically? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
Keep the area clean
2. Apply warm compresses TID
3. Cover if draining
When should incision and drainage (I&D) be considered for an abscess? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSWhen the abscess is fluctuant (able to move or
compress substance of mass). I&D usually provides symptomatic relief since
the pressure is reduced.
How are abscesses treated pharmacologically? - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Broad
spectrum antibiotic after I&D until culture results obtained to ensure
coverage.
2. Cover with mupirocin (bactroban) ointment and non-stick bandage.
