SPCE 680, exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

SPCE 680, exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5 - Answer️️ -- DSM - 5 abandoned the PDD subtypes from DSM- IV, returning to the earlier notions of autism as a single mental health condition, known as autism spectrum disorder - For a diagnosis of autism, behavior must be impaired in two, instead of three, ways. - Restricted and repetative behavior remains and essential element in the diagnostic criteria. However, sensory behaviors are now included as one of the most common forms of RRBs - Diagnostic criteria for ASD are now supplemented by descriptors, concerning the severity of the criterial impairments or anomalies and the presence of any specifiers - Delayed or impaired language is listed as a possible specifier - Behaviors essential for a diagnosis of ASD may not be 'become fully manifest' and cause for concern until 'demands exceed limited capacities' - A new category was created, social communication disorder Reasons the Autism Subtypes in favor of a Spectrum - Answer️️ -- Fuzzy boundaries: it proved difficult in practice to make unambiguous distinctions between the subtypes of autism ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Sunday, August 25, 2024 2:42 PM 2 - Diagnostic instability: individuals change- they show improvement and they regress The term ___________________ increasingly commonly used from the 1990s onward. - Answer️️ -autism spectrum Why add descriptors? - Answer️️ -- facilitate the development of appropriate, individualized treatment plans - make diagnostic criteria broad enough to encompass the whole range of people with autism related behavior Why change the status of impaired language? - Answer️️ -Since impaired language is not invariably present in people with ASD, it was listed as a specifier rather then put it under the umbrella of socio-communicative impairment Why allow for late diagnosis? - Answer️️ -greater recognition of mild forms of ASD occurring in able individuals who compensate well and who 'get by' socially - at least until some life event brings their autism related problems under the spotlight. social communication disorder - Answer️️ -Persistent difficulties in the social use of verbal and nonverbal communication Groups who objected to the changes in the DSM 5 - Answer️️ -- people with an existing subtype diagnosis and their families ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Sunday, August 25, 2024 2:42 PM 3 - professionals involved in work relating to autism, including clinicians with responsibility for diagnosis, and also some researchers Wing's four types of autism related social behavior - Answer️️ -1. aloof: behave as if other people did not exist 2. passive: accept social approaches but do not initiate social interaction 3. active but odd: make social approaches to other people, but do so in a peculiar, one sided fashion 4. overly formal, stilted: try very hard to behave well and cope