Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders
Access to funding - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it can assist in obtaining financial support for
treatment.
Agoraphobia - ANSWER-Marked fear and avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or
help might be unavailable.
Agoraphobic situations - ANSWER-Situations that are feared and avoided due to the belief that
escape might be difficult or help might be unavailable.
Antisocial Personality Disorder - ANSWER-A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the
rights of others, often starting in childhood or adolescence.
Anxiety - ANSWER-A future-oriented emotion characterized by a feeling of lack of control and
autonomic nervous system activation.
Anxiety disorders - ANSWER-A group of disorders characterized by excessive and persistent anxiety
that causes significant distress or impairment.
Arbitrary cut-offs - ANSWER-Limitation of DSM-5 as it sets thresholds for diagnosis that may not be
based on scientific evidence.
Beck Depression Inventory - ANSWER-A self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of
depression.
Behavioural - ANSWER-Related to observable actions or responses.
Benefits for research - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it allows for consistent research on the same
phenomena.
Borderline personality disorder - ANSWER-Example of a disorder with 256 distinct presentations,
highlighting the limitations of categorical classification.
Categorical - ANSWER-Approach to classification where a disorder is either present or not.
Categorical classification - ANSWER-Limitation of DSM-5 as it groups disorders into distinct
categories, which may not capture the full range of symptoms and presentations.
Chapters and diagnostic categories - ANSWER-Organizational structure in DSM-5 that groups
disorders into chapters.
Classification - ANSWER-The act or process of dividing things into groups according to their type.
Cognitive - ANSWER-Related to mental processes such as attention, memory, and thinking.
Cognitive therapy - ANSWER-A form of therapy that focuses on challenging faulty thoughts and
beliefs associated with anxiety.
Common language - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it provides a standardized terminology for
mental disorders.
Common vocabulary - ANSWER-Advantage of classification as it allows psychologists to communicate
using shared terminology.
, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders
Compulsions - ANSWER-Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in
response to an obsession.
Concurrent validity - ANSWER-Criterion validity when a test accurately predicts present scores on the
criterion.
Conduct Disorder - ANSWER-A pattern of behavior that involves aggression, destruction of property,
deceitfulness, and violation of rules.
Construct validity - ANSWER-The degree to which a test measures the intended construct, including
convergent and discriminant validity.
Contextual influence - ANSWER-Gender and culture are considered in the DSM-5.
Criterion validity - ANSWER-The degree to which a test accurately predicts performance on a real-
world outcome (criterion).
Developmental and lifespan considerations - ANSWER-Organizational structure in DSM-5 that takes
into account age-related factors.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - ANSWER-Manual authored by American
Psychiatric Association for diagnosing mental disorders.
Diagnostic criteria - ANSWER-Specific symptoms or behaviors that must be present for a diagnosis of
a mental disorder.
Diagnostic validity - ANSWER-Extent to which a diagnosis accurately identifies a specific mental
disorder.
Dimensional - ANSWER-Approach to classification where disorders are seen as existing on a
continuum.
Dimensional/spectrum approach - ANSWER-Alternative to categorical classification that considers
disorders on a continuum rather than as distinct categories.
Emil Kraepelin - ANSWER-German psychiatrist known as the grandfather of the classification of
mental disorders.
Exposure and Response Prevention - ANSWER-A form of therapy for OCD that involves exposing the
person to their obsessions and preventing the associated compulsive behaviors.
Exposure therapy - ANSWER-A form of therapy that involves gradually exposing the person to the
feared object or situation in a controlled and safe manner.
Fear - ANSWER-An immediate alarm reaction associated with sympathetic nervous system activation,
typically in response to life-threatening situations.
Generalized anxiety disorder - ANSWER-Excessive and uncontrollable worry and anxiety about a
variety of events or activities.
Guide for treatment - ANSWER-Advantage of classification as it helps clinicians determine
appropriate treatment for specific disorders.
Mental Disorders
Access to funding - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it can assist in obtaining financial support for
treatment.
Agoraphobia - ANSWER-Marked fear and avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or
help might be unavailable.
Agoraphobic situations - ANSWER-Situations that are feared and avoided due to the belief that
escape might be difficult or help might be unavailable.
Antisocial Personality Disorder - ANSWER-A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the
rights of others, often starting in childhood or adolescence.
Anxiety - ANSWER-A future-oriented emotion characterized by a feeling of lack of control and
autonomic nervous system activation.
Anxiety disorders - ANSWER-A group of disorders characterized by excessive and persistent anxiety
that causes significant distress or impairment.
Arbitrary cut-offs - ANSWER-Limitation of DSM-5 as it sets thresholds for diagnosis that may not be
based on scientific evidence.
Beck Depression Inventory - ANSWER-A self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of
depression.
Behavioural - ANSWER-Related to observable actions or responses.
Benefits for research - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it allows for consistent research on the same
phenomena.
Borderline personality disorder - ANSWER-Example of a disorder with 256 distinct presentations,
highlighting the limitations of categorical classification.
Categorical - ANSWER-Approach to classification where a disorder is either present or not.
Categorical classification - ANSWER-Limitation of DSM-5 as it groups disorders into distinct
categories, which may not capture the full range of symptoms and presentations.
Chapters and diagnostic categories - ANSWER-Organizational structure in DSM-5 that groups
disorders into chapters.
Classification - ANSWER-The act or process of dividing things into groups according to their type.
Cognitive - ANSWER-Related to mental processes such as attention, memory, and thinking.
Cognitive therapy - ANSWER-A form of therapy that focuses on challenging faulty thoughts and
beliefs associated with anxiety.
Common language - ANSWER-Advantage of DSM-5 as it provides a standardized terminology for
mental disorders.
Common vocabulary - ANSWER-Advantage of classification as it allows psychologists to communicate
using shared terminology.
, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders
Compulsions - ANSWER-Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in
response to an obsession.
Concurrent validity - ANSWER-Criterion validity when a test accurately predicts present scores on the
criterion.
Conduct Disorder - ANSWER-A pattern of behavior that involves aggression, destruction of property,
deceitfulness, and violation of rules.
Construct validity - ANSWER-The degree to which a test measures the intended construct, including
convergent and discriminant validity.
Contextual influence - ANSWER-Gender and culture are considered in the DSM-5.
Criterion validity - ANSWER-The degree to which a test accurately predicts performance on a real-
world outcome (criterion).
Developmental and lifespan considerations - ANSWER-Organizational structure in DSM-5 that takes
into account age-related factors.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - ANSWER-Manual authored by American
Psychiatric Association for diagnosing mental disorders.
Diagnostic criteria - ANSWER-Specific symptoms or behaviors that must be present for a diagnosis of
a mental disorder.
Diagnostic validity - ANSWER-Extent to which a diagnosis accurately identifies a specific mental
disorder.
Dimensional - ANSWER-Approach to classification where disorders are seen as existing on a
continuum.
Dimensional/spectrum approach - ANSWER-Alternative to categorical classification that considers
disorders on a continuum rather than as distinct categories.
Emil Kraepelin - ANSWER-German psychiatrist known as the grandfather of the classification of
mental disorders.
Exposure and Response Prevention - ANSWER-A form of therapy for OCD that involves exposing the
person to their obsessions and preventing the associated compulsive behaviors.
Exposure therapy - ANSWER-A form of therapy that involves gradually exposing the person to the
feared object or situation in a controlled and safe manner.
Fear - ANSWER-An immediate alarm reaction associated with sympathetic nervous system activation,
typically in response to life-threatening situations.
Generalized anxiety disorder - ANSWER-Excessive and uncontrollable worry and anxiety about a
variety of events or activities.
Guide for treatment - ANSWER-Advantage of classification as it helps clinicians determine
appropriate treatment for specific disorders.
