BBH 451 Final Exam Preparation
Questions and Correct Answers
Which of the following is NOT typically considered to be one of the pharmacological
revolutions (as defined in the online content)? ✅the ability to mass produce insulin
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process its
effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a commonly-used treatment for anxiety
disorders) in a sample of patients who have an anxiety disorder: ✅Phase III
A drug is designed that inhibits the reuptake of dopamine. The effect of this drug will
generally be to: ✅increase dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process, its
effectiveness is measured by testing it against a placebo in a sample of individuals who
have an anxiety disorder: ✅Phase II
Synaptic transmission using norepinephrine is primarily terminated: ✅by a transporter
(reuptake)
The Smith Papyrus and Ebers Papyrus were both attempts to collect information
regarding this type of drug use in one reference: ✅therapeutic drug use
After administration, it takes about 30 minutes for a drug to be fully absorbed and peak
blood concentration levels to be attained. This is a description of the drug's:
✅pharmacokinetics
Neurotransmitters are typically released from what component of a synapse?
✅presynaptic membrane
This area, which has high levels of dopamine-producing neurons, is typically activated
whenever someone uses an addictive drug (regardless of what drug it is): ✅ventral
tegmental area
During pregnancy, the enzyme that metabolizes caffeine (CYP1A2) becomes less
effective. If this enzyme is less efficient at metabolizing caffeine during pregnancy, what
is likely to happen to the half-life of caffeine for a pregnant woman? ✅it would increase
A drug binds to a receptor and activates the receptor. What type of drug action is this?
✅agonism
, A drug binds to the dopamine receptor at a location that is separate from where
dopamine binds. When the drug binds it causes a structural change to the receptor that
makes it more likely dopamine will bind to its binding site. The drug is a/an:
✅neuromodulator
If a patient takes a drug that causes high levels of serotonin and excessive activity at
the serotonin receptor, which of the following is most likely to happen? ✅down-
regulation of the serotonin receptor
Which part/s of a neuron is/are typically responsible for receiving information from other
neurons? ✅dendrites
During a job interview you are very nervous, which causes your heart beat to increase
significantly. Which part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for this?
✅autonomic nervous system, sympathetic division
If someone has a genotype that causes them to metabolize a drug more quickly, are
they more or less likely to experience negative side effects from the drug than someone
who does not metabolize the drug very quickly? ✅less likely
What is the purpose of randomization in a clinical trial? ✅it minimizes bias that might
result from a non-random way of assigning participants to groups
In 2010, the FDA required a black box warning be put on clopidogrel (Plavix) because:
✅in some individuals, the drug was not properly activated, increasing the risk of
cardiovascular events like a heart-attack
After a year of chronic drinking, John has developed higher levels of enzymes involved
in alcohol metabolism in his stomach. This causes less of the drug to reach his
bloodstream after administration and is an example of: ✅pharmacokinetic tolerance
Based on our discussion of hypofrontality, you would expect that a methamphetamine
addict: ✅would have a lower level of activity in her frontal lobes
Patients who take this type of drug must be vigilant about their diet to make sure they
don't consume foods high in tyramine: ✅MAO-I
In addition to serotonin, duloxetine inhibits the reuptake of what other neurotransmitter?
✅norepinephrine
The trade name for the drug fluoxetine is: ✅prozac
Sue has been using benzodiazepines for several months. Increased levels of GABA
neurotransmission in her brain have led to down-regulation of GABA receptors. She
Questions and Correct Answers
Which of the following is NOT typically considered to be one of the pharmacological
revolutions (as defined in the online content)? ✅the ability to mass produce insulin
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process its
effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a commonly-used treatment for anxiety
disorders) in a sample of patients who have an anxiety disorder: ✅Phase III
A drug is designed that inhibits the reuptake of dopamine. The effect of this drug will
generally be to: ✅increase dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process, its
effectiveness is measured by testing it against a placebo in a sample of individuals who
have an anxiety disorder: ✅Phase II
Synaptic transmission using norepinephrine is primarily terminated: ✅by a transporter
(reuptake)
The Smith Papyrus and Ebers Papyrus were both attempts to collect information
regarding this type of drug use in one reference: ✅therapeutic drug use
After administration, it takes about 30 minutes for a drug to be fully absorbed and peak
blood concentration levels to be attained. This is a description of the drug's:
✅pharmacokinetics
Neurotransmitters are typically released from what component of a synapse?
✅presynaptic membrane
This area, which has high levels of dopamine-producing neurons, is typically activated
whenever someone uses an addictive drug (regardless of what drug it is): ✅ventral
tegmental area
During pregnancy, the enzyme that metabolizes caffeine (CYP1A2) becomes less
effective. If this enzyme is less efficient at metabolizing caffeine during pregnancy, what
is likely to happen to the half-life of caffeine for a pregnant woman? ✅it would increase
A drug binds to a receptor and activates the receptor. What type of drug action is this?
✅agonism
, A drug binds to the dopamine receptor at a location that is separate from where
dopamine binds. When the drug binds it causes a structural change to the receptor that
makes it more likely dopamine will bind to its binding site. The drug is a/an:
✅neuromodulator
If a patient takes a drug that causes high levels of serotonin and excessive activity at
the serotonin receptor, which of the following is most likely to happen? ✅down-
regulation of the serotonin receptor
Which part/s of a neuron is/are typically responsible for receiving information from other
neurons? ✅dendrites
During a job interview you are very nervous, which causes your heart beat to increase
significantly. Which part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for this?
✅autonomic nervous system, sympathetic division
If someone has a genotype that causes them to metabolize a drug more quickly, are
they more or less likely to experience negative side effects from the drug than someone
who does not metabolize the drug very quickly? ✅less likely
What is the purpose of randomization in a clinical trial? ✅it minimizes bias that might
result from a non-random way of assigning participants to groups
In 2010, the FDA required a black box warning be put on clopidogrel (Plavix) because:
✅in some individuals, the drug was not properly activated, increasing the risk of
cardiovascular events like a heart-attack
After a year of chronic drinking, John has developed higher levels of enzymes involved
in alcohol metabolism in his stomach. This causes less of the drug to reach his
bloodstream after administration and is an example of: ✅pharmacokinetic tolerance
Based on our discussion of hypofrontality, you would expect that a methamphetamine
addict: ✅would have a lower level of activity in her frontal lobes
Patients who take this type of drug must be vigilant about their diet to make sure they
don't consume foods high in tyramine: ✅MAO-I
In addition to serotonin, duloxetine inhibits the reuptake of what other neurotransmitter?
✅norepinephrine
The trade name for the drug fluoxetine is: ✅prozac
Sue has been using benzodiazepines for several months. Increased levels of GABA
neurotransmission in her brain have led to down-regulation of GABA receptors. She
