2024 MILESTONE HESI RETAKE
EXAM WITH ANSWERS
Nursing Assessments - CORRECT-ANSWERSComprehensive- (Head to Toe) =
Can be done inpatient and through primary care (Physical assessment-
annual exam)
Focused- Health and physical hx of specific problem.- ex. Sick visit
Emergency- crisis, life threatening. ex. airway, breathing, injury, disability,
exposure, med reconciliation
Heparin-Drugs, Related Labs & Antidotes - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
prevention of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, MI
labs: Hematocrit (35-50%). Monitor thrombosis, platelet count ever 2-3 days
Antidote: protamine sulfate
labs: monitor Hct, Hgb, CBC, bleeding, creatinine, BUN, PTT, INR
Enoxaparin (low-molecular-weight heparin) [Lovenox] - CORRECT-
ANSWERSuse: pulmonary embolism (inpatient) in hip or knee replacement,
unstable angina
labs: monitor Hct, Hgb, CBC, bleeding, creatinine, BUN, PTT, INR
antianxiety drugs - CORRECT-ANSWERSDiazepam (for anxiety) [Valium]
Triazolam (for insomnia) [Halcion]
Chlorpromazine (a low-potency agent) [Thorazine] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
mania, psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety
Nursing Considerations: monitor vital signs (cardiac signs) for hypotension.
Patient remain supine for 30 min. Monitor for antiemetic effect
Haloperidol (a high-potency agent) [Haldol] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
psychotic disorders, control of tics, short term tx of ADHD
Nursing Considerations: mental status,
Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Three of these reactions—acute dystonia,
parkinsonism, and akathisia—occur early in therapy and can be managed
with a variety of drugs.
Sodium Nitroprusside - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: hypertensive emergencies.
used to lower blood pressure rapidly and controlled hypotension during
, surgery (to reduce bleeding in the surgical field) and for acute
decompensated heart failure
extrapyramidal symptoms - CORRECT-ANSWERSEPS are movement disorders
resulting from the effects of antipsychotic drugs on the extrapyramidal motor
system.
Neostigimine-Cholinesterase Inhibitors - CORRECT-ANSWERSUSE:
Management of myasthenia gravis. Adverse effect: Excessive Muscarinic
Stimulation- Accumulation of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors can result
in excessive salivation, increased gastric secretions, increased tone and
motility of the GI tract, urinary urgency, bradycardia, sweating, miosis, and
spasm of accommodation.
Selective (Alpha1) Adrenergic Antagonist (Alpha Blocker)
Prazosin [Minipress] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: benign prostatic hypertrophy
to low uterine outflow, hypertension- causes vasoconstriction of adrenergic
receptors
Take at bedtime due to fainting after first dose use
Isoproterenol [Isuprel]- Beta-selective Adrenergic Agonists - CORRECT-
ANSWERSuse: bradyarrhythmia, COPD, AV block
- Assess heart rate, ECG, and heart sounds during exercise. Use inhaler
properly. Monitor glucose
Antiseizure Agents - Drugs, Use, Adverse Effects
Phenytoin [Dilantin] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: tonic clonic seizures, partial
seizures, migraines
Adverse effects: gingival hyperplasia, rash, pregnancy: cause cleft palate,
heart malformations, and fetal hydantoin syndrome, characterized by growth
deficiency.
Other adverse effects: sedation, ataxia (staggering gait), diplopia (double
vision), and cognitive impairment.
Alzheimer's Agents - Drugs, Use & Actions - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCholinesterase Inhibitors- Donepezil [Aricept]
NMDA Receptor Antagonists- Memantine [Namenda]
Donepezil - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: mild to severe symptoms AD Dementia.
Actions: slows loss of memory by few months. Elevate Ach
Memantine - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: moderate or severe AD. Action: NMDA
receptors. although memantine can benefit patients with moderate to severe
AD, it does not benefit patients with mild AD.
EXAM WITH ANSWERS
Nursing Assessments - CORRECT-ANSWERSComprehensive- (Head to Toe) =
Can be done inpatient and through primary care (Physical assessment-
annual exam)
Focused- Health and physical hx of specific problem.- ex. Sick visit
Emergency- crisis, life threatening. ex. airway, breathing, injury, disability,
exposure, med reconciliation
Heparin-Drugs, Related Labs & Antidotes - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
prevention of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, MI
labs: Hematocrit (35-50%). Monitor thrombosis, platelet count ever 2-3 days
Antidote: protamine sulfate
labs: monitor Hct, Hgb, CBC, bleeding, creatinine, BUN, PTT, INR
Enoxaparin (low-molecular-weight heparin) [Lovenox] - CORRECT-
ANSWERSuse: pulmonary embolism (inpatient) in hip or knee replacement,
unstable angina
labs: monitor Hct, Hgb, CBC, bleeding, creatinine, BUN, PTT, INR
antianxiety drugs - CORRECT-ANSWERSDiazepam (for anxiety) [Valium]
Triazolam (for insomnia) [Halcion]
Chlorpromazine (a low-potency agent) [Thorazine] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
mania, psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety
Nursing Considerations: monitor vital signs (cardiac signs) for hypotension.
Patient remain supine for 30 min. Monitor for antiemetic effect
Haloperidol (a high-potency agent) [Haldol] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse:
psychotic disorders, control of tics, short term tx of ADHD
Nursing Considerations: mental status,
Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Three of these reactions—acute dystonia,
parkinsonism, and akathisia—occur early in therapy and can be managed
with a variety of drugs.
Sodium Nitroprusside - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: hypertensive emergencies.
used to lower blood pressure rapidly and controlled hypotension during
, surgery (to reduce bleeding in the surgical field) and for acute
decompensated heart failure
extrapyramidal symptoms - CORRECT-ANSWERSEPS are movement disorders
resulting from the effects of antipsychotic drugs on the extrapyramidal motor
system.
Neostigimine-Cholinesterase Inhibitors - CORRECT-ANSWERSUSE:
Management of myasthenia gravis. Adverse effect: Excessive Muscarinic
Stimulation- Accumulation of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors can result
in excessive salivation, increased gastric secretions, increased tone and
motility of the GI tract, urinary urgency, bradycardia, sweating, miosis, and
spasm of accommodation.
Selective (Alpha1) Adrenergic Antagonist (Alpha Blocker)
Prazosin [Minipress] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: benign prostatic hypertrophy
to low uterine outflow, hypertension- causes vasoconstriction of adrenergic
receptors
Take at bedtime due to fainting after first dose use
Isoproterenol [Isuprel]- Beta-selective Adrenergic Agonists - CORRECT-
ANSWERSuse: bradyarrhythmia, COPD, AV block
- Assess heart rate, ECG, and heart sounds during exercise. Use inhaler
properly. Monitor glucose
Antiseizure Agents - Drugs, Use, Adverse Effects
Phenytoin [Dilantin] - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: tonic clonic seizures, partial
seizures, migraines
Adverse effects: gingival hyperplasia, rash, pregnancy: cause cleft palate,
heart malformations, and fetal hydantoin syndrome, characterized by growth
deficiency.
Other adverse effects: sedation, ataxia (staggering gait), diplopia (double
vision), and cognitive impairment.
Alzheimer's Agents - Drugs, Use & Actions - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCholinesterase Inhibitors- Donepezil [Aricept]
NMDA Receptor Antagonists- Memantine [Namenda]
Donepezil - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: mild to severe symptoms AD Dementia.
Actions: slows loss of memory by few months. Elevate Ach
Memantine - CORRECT-ANSWERSuse: moderate or severe AD. Action: NMDA
receptors. although memantine can benefit patients with moderate to severe
AD, it does not benefit patients with mild AD.
