Tufts Pharmacology NBDE Part II
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Prazosin - Correct Answer- HTN, alpha1 blocker, inhibits release of norepinephrine
Methyldopa - Correct Answer- HTN, acts centrally to stimulate alpha receptors
Clonidine - Correct Answer- HTN, stimulates alpha2 receptors in CNS
Propranolol - Correct Answer- HTN, nonselective beta blocker
Metoprolol - Correct Answer- HTN, selective beta1 blocker
Hydralazine - Correct Answer- HTN, directly acts to vasodilate vascular smooth muscle
Chlorothiazide - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, thiazide, when administered with digitalis,
will increase penetration of digitalis into myocardium
Furosemide - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, high-ceiling or loop acting
Ethyacrinic acid - Correct Answer- HTN, loop or high ceiling diuretic, is associated with
deafness
Spironolactone - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, potassium sparing
Guanethidine - Correct Answer- HTN, neuronal blockers, only for severe hypertension,
prevents release and causes depletion of catecholamines taken up into storage vesicles and is
released like false transmitter, does not cross blood-brain barrier
Captopril, lisinopril - Correct Answer- HTN, ACE inhibitors
, Nitroglycerin - Correct Answer- angina, increases oxygen supply to heart by direct
vasodilatory action on smooth muscle in coronary arteries
Propranolol - Correct Answer- angina, reduces oxygen demand by preventing chronotropic
responses to endogenous epinephrine
Verapamil - Correct Answer- angina, Ca2+ channel blocker, decrease oxygen demand by
reducing afterload by reducing peripheral resistance via vasodilation
Lidocaine (Type 1B drugs) - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, decrease cardiac excitability, for
ventricular arrhythmias
Phenytoin - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, to reverse digitalis induced arrhythmias
Quinidine (Type 1A drugs) - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, increases refractory period of
cardiac muscle, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation
Verapamil - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and
paroxysmal tachycardia and atrial fibrillation
Digitalis - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, decreases rate of AV conduction, for atrial fibrillation
and paroxysmal tachycardia
Propranolol - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, for paroxysmal tachycardia
Glycosides - Correct Answer- CHF, ex: digitalis and digoxin, have positive inotropic effect,
increasing force of contraction of myocardium by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase and thus
increasing Ca2+ influx, reduces compensatory changes associated with CHF like heart size,
rate, edema
Captopril - Correct Answer- CHF, ACE inhibitor
Digitalis toxicity - Correct Answer- nausea and vomiting, yellow-green vision, extrasystole,
AV conduction block
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Prazosin - Correct Answer- HTN, alpha1 blocker, inhibits release of norepinephrine
Methyldopa - Correct Answer- HTN, acts centrally to stimulate alpha receptors
Clonidine - Correct Answer- HTN, stimulates alpha2 receptors in CNS
Propranolol - Correct Answer- HTN, nonselective beta blocker
Metoprolol - Correct Answer- HTN, selective beta1 blocker
Hydralazine - Correct Answer- HTN, directly acts to vasodilate vascular smooth muscle
Chlorothiazide - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, thiazide, when administered with digitalis,
will increase penetration of digitalis into myocardium
Furosemide - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, high-ceiling or loop acting
Ethyacrinic acid - Correct Answer- HTN, loop or high ceiling diuretic, is associated with
deafness
Spironolactone - Correct Answer- HTN, diuretic, potassium sparing
Guanethidine - Correct Answer- HTN, neuronal blockers, only for severe hypertension,
prevents release and causes depletion of catecholamines taken up into storage vesicles and is
released like false transmitter, does not cross blood-brain barrier
Captopril, lisinopril - Correct Answer- HTN, ACE inhibitors
, Nitroglycerin - Correct Answer- angina, increases oxygen supply to heart by direct
vasodilatory action on smooth muscle in coronary arteries
Propranolol - Correct Answer- angina, reduces oxygen demand by preventing chronotropic
responses to endogenous epinephrine
Verapamil - Correct Answer- angina, Ca2+ channel blocker, decrease oxygen demand by
reducing afterload by reducing peripheral resistance via vasodilation
Lidocaine (Type 1B drugs) - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, decrease cardiac excitability, for
ventricular arrhythmias
Phenytoin - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, to reverse digitalis induced arrhythmias
Quinidine (Type 1A drugs) - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, increases refractory period of
cardiac muscle, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation
Verapamil - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and
paroxysmal tachycardia and atrial fibrillation
Digitalis - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, decreases rate of AV conduction, for atrial fibrillation
and paroxysmal tachycardia
Propranolol - Correct Answer- arrhythmia, for paroxysmal tachycardia
Glycosides - Correct Answer- CHF, ex: digitalis and digoxin, have positive inotropic effect,
increasing force of contraction of myocardium by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase and thus
increasing Ca2+ influx, reduces compensatory changes associated with CHF like heart size,
rate, edema
Captopril - Correct Answer- CHF, ACE inhibitor
Digitalis toxicity - Correct Answer- nausea and vomiting, yellow-green vision, extrasystole,
AV conduction block
