Clinical Assessment and Management
Ablative neurosurgery - ANSWER-Surgical procedure involving the removal of a part by cutting, such as
rhizotomy, cordotomy, or sympathectomy.
ADA doorway guidelines - ANSWER-34" width.
Addiction - ANSWER-Psychological dependence on a drug and its effects, leading to compulsive use
Adverse drug reaction (ADR) - ANSWER-Unintended effects of medications, including exaggerated
responses and side effects
Analgesics - ANSWER-Medications that reduce pain perception
Appropriate level for sliding board transfers - ANSWER-T7 is needed to maintain elbow and wrist flexion.
Arthritis - ANSWER-Inflammation of one or more joints causing pain and stiffness, with different types
like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
ASIA (American Spinal Cord Injury Association) - ANSWER-Organization related to spinal cord injuries
Assessment process for orthotics - ANSWER-Diagnosis, functional goals, cognitive/physical abilities,
support level, cost.
ATNR - ANSWER-Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex seen in infants where arm and leg extend on the face
side and flex on the skull side.
Basal ganglia or cerebellar involvement - ANSWER-Area of damage leading to incoordination in CVA
patients
Blocked practice - ANSWER-Repeated practice of tasks in order; random practice is non-repeating.
Central cord syndrome - ANSWER-Spinal cord injury with UE and trunk weakness greater than LE
Cerebellar lesions - ANSWER-Damage resulting in ataxia in CVA patients
Cervical orthoses - ANSWER-Devices like Philadelphia collar, Halo, Minerva for neck support
Chronic pain - ANSWER-Persistent pain lasting beyond the normal healing time, often associated with
various behaviors and risk factors.
Circumduction of hip during swing phase - ANSWER-Gait deviation characterized by hip swinging
outward in a circular motion during the swing phase
Cognitive and behavioral impairments - ANSWER-Impairments including disorientation, attention
deficits, memory deficits, and behavioral issues like agitation and irritability.
Common symptoms of MS - ANSWER-Paresis, spasticity, fatigue, vision problems, cognitive and
behavioral impairments.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) - ANSWER-Chronic pain condition with no cure
Considerations for WC selections - ANSWER-Support user needs, choose support system first, then
mobility base.
, Clinical Assessment and Management
Corticosteroids - ANSWER-Anti-inflammatory drugs useful for various conditions
Coup-contracoup injury - ANSWER-Bouncy contact with skull at opposite end of injury in TBI
CP - ANSWER-Cerebral Palsy, a group of disorders affecting movement and posture caused by damage to
the brain during development.
DDH - ANSWER-Developmental dysplasia of the hip, a condition where the hip joint doesn't develop
properly.
Decerebrate posture - ANSWER-A postural abnormality where the lower extremities are in extension
and the upper extremities are internally rotated and extended at the shoulders.
Decorticate posture - ANSWER-A postural abnormality characterized by upper extremity flexion and
adduction with internal rotation of the shoulders.
Diaphragmatic breathing - ANSWER-A technique that stimulates relaxation, often associated with
practices like yoga and tai chi.
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) - ANSWER-Predominant mechanism of injury in moderate-severe TBI
Dose-response relationship - ANSWER-The correlation between the amount of drug in the body and the
expected effectiveness or likelihood of side effects
Drug accumulation - ANSWER-Occurs when drug clearance decreases but daily dose remains constant,
leading to increased drug levels, toxicity
Drug clearance - ANSWER-Process that removes a drug from the body, anything slowing it down
lengthens half-life
Duration of action - ANSWER-The period over which a drug exerts its pharmacological effect in the body
Effect of edema on orthotic fitting - ANSWER-Affects fit and comfort.
Environmental conditions affecting MS patients - ANSWER-Stress, infections, heat exacerbate
symptoms.
Epidemiology of MS - ANSWER-More common in women, in colder climates.
Equinus deformity - ANSWER-Common contracture leading to gait and transfer difficulties
Excessive knee flexion at heel strike - ANSWER-Gait deviation involving too much knee flexion when the
heel strikes the ground
Exercise for stable MS patients - ANSWER-Stationary bike, aquatic exercise, low stimulus environment.
Exteroceptors - ANSWER-Perceive superficial sensation at the skin level.
Foot varus - ANSWER-Gait deviation characterized by calcaneus inversion or foot excessively inverted
during swing
Functional ambulatory level - ANSWER-L1-S3.
Ablative neurosurgery - ANSWER-Surgical procedure involving the removal of a part by cutting, such as
rhizotomy, cordotomy, or sympathectomy.
ADA doorway guidelines - ANSWER-34" width.
Addiction - ANSWER-Psychological dependence on a drug and its effects, leading to compulsive use
Adverse drug reaction (ADR) - ANSWER-Unintended effects of medications, including exaggerated
responses and side effects
Analgesics - ANSWER-Medications that reduce pain perception
Appropriate level for sliding board transfers - ANSWER-T7 is needed to maintain elbow and wrist flexion.
Arthritis - ANSWER-Inflammation of one or more joints causing pain and stiffness, with different types
like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
ASIA (American Spinal Cord Injury Association) - ANSWER-Organization related to spinal cord injuries
Assessment process for orthotics - ANSWER-Diagnosis, functional goals, cognitive/physical abilities,
support level, cost.
ATNR - ANSWER-Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex seen in infants where arm and leg extend on the face
side and flex on the skull side.
Basal ganglia or cerebellar involvement - ANSWER-Area of damage leading to incoordination in CVA
patients
Blocked practice - ANSWER-Repeated practice of tasks in order; random practice is non-repeating.
Central cord syndrome - ANSWER-Spinal cord injury with UE and trunk weakness greater than LE
Cerebellar lesions - ANSWER-Damage resulting in ataxia in CVA patients
Cervical orthoses - ANSWER-Devices like Philadelphia collar, Halo, Minerva for neck support
Chronic pain - ANSWER-Persistent pain lasting beyond the normal healing time, often associated with
various behaviors and risk factors.
Circumduction of hip during swing phase - ANSWER-Gait deviation characterized by hip swinging
outward in a circular motion during the swing phase
Cognitive and behavioral impairments - ANSWER-Impairments including disorientation, attention
deficits, memory deficits, and behavioral issues like agitation and irritability.
Common symptoms of MS - ANSWER-Paresis, spasticity, fatigue, vision problems, cognitive and
behavioral impairments.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) - ANSWER-Chronic pain condition with no cure
Considerations for WC selections - ANSWER-Support user needs, choose support system first, then
mobility base.
, Clinical Assessment and Management
Corticosteroids - ANSWER-Anti-inflammatory drugs useful for various conditions
Coup-contracoup injury - ANSWER-Bouncy contact with skull at opposite end of injury in TBI
CP - ANSWER-Cerebral Palsy, a group of disorders affecting movement and posture caused by damage to
the brain during development.
DDH - ANSWER-Developmental dysplasia of the hip, a condition where the hip joint doesn't develop
properly.
Decerebrate posture - ANSWER-A postural abnormality where the lower extremities are in extension
and the upper extremities are internally rotated and extended at the shoulders.
Decorticate posture - ANSWER-A postural abnormality characterized by upper extremity flexion and
adduction with internal rotation of the shoulders.
Diaphragmatic breathing - ANSWER-A technique that stimulates relaxation, often associated with
practices like yoga and tai chi.
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) - ANSWER-Predominant mechanism of injury in moderate-severe TBI
Dose-response relationship - ANSWER-The correlation between the amount of drug in the body and the
expected effectiveness or likelihood of side effects
Drug accumulation - ANSWER-Occurs when drug clearance decreases but daily dose remains constant,
leading to increased drug levels, toxicity
Drug clearance - ANSWER-Process that removes a drug from the body, anything slowing it down
lengthens half-life
Duration of action - ANSWER-The period over which a drug exerts its pharmacological effect in the body
Effect of edema on orthotic fitting - ANSWER-Affects fit and comfort.
Environmental conditions affecting MS patients - ANSWER-Stress, infections, heat exacerbate
symptoms.
Epidemiology of MS - ANSWER-More common in women, in colder climates.
Equinus deformity - ANSWER-Common contracture leading to gait and transfer difficulties
Excessive knee flexion at heel strike - ANSWER-Gait deviation involving too much knee flexion when the
heel strikes the ground
Exercise for stable MS patients - ANSWER-Stationary bike, aquatic exercise, low stimulus environment.
Exteroceptors - ANSWER-Perceive superficial sensation at the skin level.
Foot varus - ANSWER-Gait deviation characterized by calcaneus inversion or foot excessively inverted
during swing
Functional ambulatory level - ANSWER-L1-S3.
