ETX 010 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What percent of your class grade is made up of questionnaires for which any answer is
correct? - Answer 6
What are the benefits of so many learning assignments in ETX10? Select all the correct
answers. - Answer So that you have opportunities to learn actively in ETX10.
So that you can overcome your misunderstandings to score well on exams.
So that you can master learning objectives without time pressure.
Select all the ways active learning can benefit you. - Answer Less likely to fail
Raise average grades
Raise exam performance
What is Toxicology? - Answer The study of adverse effects of chemicals
Who is attributed to describing the concept "the dose makes the poison"? - Answer
Paracelsus
Who is considered the father of occupational medicine and wrote Diseases of Workers, a
book about health hazards in the workplace? - Answer Bernardo Ramazzini
Who found high levels of cancer of the scrotum among chimney sweepers which lead to
the Chimney Sweepers Act of 1788? - Answer Percivall Pott
Who wrote the book Silent Spring, which alerted the American public about the health
hazards of pesticides such as the thinning of bird egg shells causing bird population
declines? - Answer Rachel Carson
,Match the field of toxicology to the activity that field engages in. - Answer Biomedical
research - Determine the mechanisms of how exposures cause health adversity
Law - Review plaintiff histories
Public Health - Monitor human exposure and health effects
Environmental Toxicology - Monitor exposure and health effects in ecosystem
Forensic Toxicology - Measure chemicals in decaying substances
What is the best definition of a counterfactual? - Answer A hypothetical situation that
would have been true in similar but different circumstances
Ice cream sale and homicide increase when days are sunny. What statement(s) do you
think best describes the causal relationships underlying that statement? You can choose
more than one. - Answer When the sun shines and people are hot outside, people want
ice cream to cool off and people get into deadly fights because heat is agitating.
Why are randomized controlled trials so seldomly used in environmental health and
toxicology research? You can choose more than one. - Answer It is unethical to poison
people on purpose.
We only have one earth.
Some exposures happen to everyone.
How is observing correlations between exposure and health outcomes helpful in
identifying causation between exposure and health? You can choose more than one. -
Answer Observing consistent correlations between exposure and health outcomes
across different countries and species suggests the correlation could be causal.
Observing correlations leads to hypotheses that can be tested experimentally.
Which of Hill's causal considerations are most poorly addressed in human studies of
toxic exposures? - Answer Specificity
Which of the following are examples of study designs that apply Hill's causal concept of
Experiment and Reversibility? You can choose more than one. - Answer Counting the
, number of smokers and non-smokers who get lung cancer.
Giving an antioxidant or placebo to people who have smoked many cigarettes for years
and measuring DNA mutations in their urine.
Measuring DNA mutations in urine from non-smokers and smokers.
Measuring DNA mutations in cord blood from pregnant non-smokers and smokers.
Synthetic chemical production has risen dramatically due to the production of what? -
Answer Plastics
What is meant by the exposome concept? - Answer The totality of all exposures in a
lifetime.
What is the difference between acute and chronic illness? Choose the best answer. -
Answer Chronic is the long term effect and acute is the immediate effect
What is NOT a hazard of ethanol? - Answer Car accidents
It's smell
Select all the concerning aspects of aflatoxin - Answer Aflatoxin can occur in the feed of
agricultural animals.
Aflatoxin can occur in dog food
Aflatoxin can occur in human food
Aflatoxin can cause liver cancer
Aflatoxin can stunt the growth of children
What can farmers do to control aflatoxin levels in the food they grow? You can choose
more than one. - Answer Store the food at cooler temperatures
Dilute food contaminated with aflatoxin
Reduce fungal stress
What percent of your class grade is made up of questionnaires for which any answer is
correct? - Answer 6
What are the benefits of so many learning assignments in ETX10? Select all the correct
answers. - Answer So that you have opportunities to learn actively in ETX10.
So that you can overcome your misunderstandings to score well on exams.
So that you can master learning objectives without time pressure.
Select all the ways active learning can benefit you. - Answer Less likely to fail
Raise average grades
Raise exam performance
What is Toxicology? - Answer The study of adverse effects of chemicals
Who is attributed to describing the concept "the dose makes the poison"? - Answer
Paracelsus
Who is considered the father of occupational medicine and wrote Diseases of Workers, a
book about health hazards in the workplace? - Answer Bernardo Ramazzini
Who found high levels of cancer of the scrotum among chimney sweepers which lead to
the Chimney Sweepers Act of 1788? - Answer Percivall Pott
Who wrote the book Silent Spring, which alerted the American public about the health
hazards of pesticides such as the thinning of bird egg shells causing bird population
declines? - Answer Rachel Carson
,Match the field of toxicology to the activity that field engages in. - Answer Biomedical
research - Determine the mechanisms of how exposures cause health adversity
Law - Review plaintiff histories
Public Health - Monitor human exposure and health effects
Environmental Toxicology - Monitor exposure and health effects in ecosystem
Forensic Toxicology - Measure chemicals in decaying substances
What is the best definition of a counterfactual? - Answer A hypothetical situation that
would have been true in similar but different circumstances
Ice cream sale and homicide increase when days are sunny. What statement(s) do you
think best describes the causal relationships underlying that statement? You can choose
more than one. - Answer When the sun shines and people are hot outside, people want
ice cream to cool off and people get into deadly fights because heat is agitating.
Why are randomized controlled trials so seldomly used in environmental health and
toxicology research? You can choose more than one. - Answer It is unethical to poison
people on purpose.
We only have one earth.
Some exposures happen to everyone.
How is observing correlations between exposure and health outcomes helpful in
identifying causation between exposure and health? You can choose more than one. -
Answer Observing consistent correlations between exposure and health outcomes
across different countries and species suggests the correlation could be causal.
Observing correlations leads to hypotheses that can be tested experimentally.
Which of Hill's causal considerations are most poorly addressed in human studies of
toxic exposures? - Answer Specificity
Which of the following are examples of study designs that apply Hill's causal concept of
Experiment and Reversibility? You can choose more than one. - Answer Counting the
, number of smokers and non-smokers who get lung cancer.
Giving an antioxidant or placebo to people who have smoked many cigarettes for years
and measuring DNA mutations in their urine.
Measuring DNA mutations in urine from non-smokers and smokers.
Measuring DNA mutations in cord blood from pregnant non-smokers and smokers.
Synthetic chemical production has risen dramatically due to the production of what? -
Answer Plastics
What is meant by the exposome concept? - Answer The totality of all exposures in a
lifetime.
What is the difference between acute and chronic illness? Choose the best answer. -
Answer Chronic is the long term effect and acute is the immediate effect
What is NOT a hazard of ethanol? - Answer Car accidents
It's smell
Select all the concerning aspects of aflatoxin - Answer Aflatoxin can occur in the feed of
agricultural animals.
Aflatoxin can occur in dog food
Aflatoxin can occur in human food
Aflatoxin can cause liver cancer
Aflatoxin can stunt the growth of children
What can farmers do to control aflatoxin levels in the food they grow? You can choose
more than one. - Answer Store the food at cooler temperatures
Dilute food contaminated with aflatoxin
Reduce fungal stress
