Chemical equations:
Group 2:
M2+ + 2 H2O ⟶ M(OH)2 + H2
SO42– + Ba2+ ⟶ BaSO4
CaCO3 + ½ O2 + SO2⟶ CaSO4 + CO2
CaO + 2 H2O + SO2 + ½ O2 ⟶ CaSO4ᐧ2 H2O
Group 7: (see above for tests)
NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ NaHSO4 + HCl
2 NaBr + 2 H2SO4 ⟶ SO2 + Na2SO4 + Br2 + 2 H2O
8 H+ + 8 I– + H2SO4 ⟶ H2S + 4 H2O + 4 I2
Cl2 + H2O ⇌ HCl + HClO
NaClO + H2O ⇌ Na+ + OH– + HClO
2 Cl2 + 2 H2O ⇌ 4 HCl + O2
Period 3 Oxides:
Element Formation Observation Equation with pH of Melting point
(Ascending Equation water aqueous order and
order of solution structure
Electroneg
ativity)
Na 4Na (s) + O2 (g) Orange Na2O + H2O ⟶ 13 4th (Giant ionic)
⟶ 2Na2O (s) flame 2 NaOH
White solid
Mg 2Mg (s) + O2 White flame MgO + H2O ⟶ 8 1st (Giant ionic)
Group 2:
M2+ + 2 H2O ⟶ M(OH)2 + H2
SO42– + Ba2+ ⟶ BaSO4
CaCO3 + ½ O2 + SO2⟶ CaSO4 + CO2
CaO + 2 H2O + SO2 + ½ O2 ⟶ CaSO4ᐧ2 H2O
Group 7: (see above for tests)
NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ NaHSO4 + HCl
2 NaBr + 2 H2SO4 ⟶ SO2 + Na2SO4 + Br2 + 2 H2O
8 H+ + 8 I– + H2SO4 ⟶ H2S + 4 H2O + 4 I2
Cl2 + H2O ⇌ HCl + HClO
NaClO + H2O ⇌ Na+ + OH– + HClO
2 Cl2 + 2 H2O ⇌ 4 HCl + O2
Period 3 Oxides:
Element Formation Observation Equation with pH of Melting point
(Ascending Equation water aqueous order and
order of solution structure
Electroneg
ativity)
Na 4Na (s) + O2 (g) Orange Na2O + H2O ⟶ 13 4th (Giant ionic)
⟶ 2Na2O (s) flame 2 NaOH
White solid
Mg 2Mg (s) + O2 White flame MgO + H2O ⟶ 8 1st (Giant ionic)