Hondros 205 Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers
Ischemia
✓ ~~~ inadequate blood supply to organ or other parts of the body
Hypoxia
✓ ~~~ Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
✓ ~~~ deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
Perfusion
✓ ~~~ The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Why are newborns at risk for gas exchange deficiencies
✓ ~~~ Reduced lung capacity and increased lung compliance
Why are children at risk for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Decreased alveolar surface and increased exposure to respiratory pathogens
Why are older adults at risk for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Chest wall increase in stiffness
Loss of elastic recoil
,Less tidal volume capacity
What is a barreled chest?
✓ ~~~ Barrel chest is a visible symptom of COPD, emphysema, osteoarthritis, and CF
What is an ABG test?
✓ ~~~ arterial blood gas test
endoscopy/bronchoscopy
✓ ~~~ Bronchoscopy is a procedure to look directly at the airways in the lungs using a
thin, lighted tube (bronchoscope)
Examples of primary prevention for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Infection Control
Smoking Cessation
Immunizations
Preventing postoperative complications(DVT, Pneumonia)
Examples of Secondary prevention for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ TB skin test
Collaborative Interventions for impaired gas exchange
, ✓ ~~~ Pharmacotherpy - Albuterol, steroid inhalers
Oxygen Therapy - Limit to 2 Liters unless ordered
Chest Physiotherapy
Postural Drainage - Position changes
Invasive Procedures - Chest tubes, thoracentesis
Nutrition
What is asthma?
✓ ~~~ Constricting of the airway due to inflammation and muscular contraction of the
bronchioles. Also called Reactive Airway Disease
What is COPD?
✓ ~~~ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Irreversible decrease in the ability to
force air out of the lungs.
Symptoms of COPD
✓ ~~~ History of progressive shortness of breath, excessive cough, and sputum
production.
Patients with predominantly emphysematous COPD may have dry cough, weight
loss, tachycardia, hypertension
What is pneumonia?
✓ ~~~ infection of lungs where theres fluid or pus in the alveoli; poor gas exchange
, What is anemia?
✓ ~~~ a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability(hemoglobin) of the blood or low RBC
count
What is a pulmonary embolism?
✓ ~~~ clot dislodged from peripheral venous system into pulmonary arterial system.
S/S: dyspnea, sudden chest pain, tachycardia, low BP, tachypnea, low O2
saturation, cyanosis. Treatment: oxygen, semi-fowlers position, fluids, monitor vital
signs often, ECG, ABG, Heparin, cardiopulmonary support.
What is the blood PH?
✓ ~~~ 7.35-7.45
What is acidic blood PH?
✓ ~~~ Below 7.35
What is alkalotic blood PH?
✓ ~~~ Above 7.45
What would increased diarrhea do to body PH?
✓ ~~~ Acidosis
What would increased vomitting do to body PH?
✓ ~~~ Alkalosis
Normal Range of PCO2 in blood
Answers
Ischemia
✓ ~~~ inadequate blood supply to organ or other parts of the body
Hypoxia
✓ ~~~ Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
✓ ~~~ deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
Perfusion
✓ ~~~ The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Why are newborns at risk for gas exchange deficiencies
✓ ~~~ Reduced lung capacity and increased lung compliance
Why are children at risk for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Decreased alveolar surface and increased exposure to respiratory pathogens
Why are older adults at risk for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Chest wall increase in stiffness
Loss of elastic recoil
,Less tidal volume capacity
What is a barreled chest?
✓ ~~~ Barrel chest is a visible symptom of COPD, emphysema, osteoarthritis, and CF
What is an ABG test?
✓ ~~~ arterial blood gas test
endoscopy/bronchoscopy
✓ ~~~ Bronchoscopy is a procedure to look directly at the airways in the lungs using a
thin, lighted tube (bronchoscope)
Examples of primary prevention for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ Infection Control
Smoking Cessation
Immunizations
Preventing postoperative complications(DVT, Pneumonia)
Examples of Secondary prevention for gas exchange impairment
✓ ~~~ TB skin test
Collaborative Interventions for impaired gas exchange
, ✓ ~~~ Pharmacotherpy - Albuterol, steroid inhalers
Oxygen Therapy - Limit to 2 Liters unless ordered
Chest Physiotherapy
Postural Drainage - Position changes
Invasive Procedures - Chest tubes, thoracentesis
Nutrition
What is asthma?
✓ ~~~ Constricting of the airway due to inflammation and muscular contraction of the
bronchioles. Also called Reactive Airway Disease
What is COPD?
✓ ~~~ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Irreversible decrease in the ability to
force air out of the lungs.
Symptoms of COPD
✓ ~~~ History of progressive shortness of breath, excessive cough, and sputum
production.
Patients with predominantly emphysematous COPD may have dry cough, weight
loss, tachycardia, hypertension
What is pneumonia?
✓ ~~~ infection of lungs where theres fluid or pus in the alveoli; poor gas exchange
, What is anemia?
✓ ~~~ a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability(hemoglobin) of the blood or low RBC
count
What is a pulmonary embolism?
✓ ~~~ clot dislodged from peripheral venous system into pulmonary arterial system.
S/S: dyspnea, sudden chest pain, tachycardia, low BP, tachypnea, low O2
saturation, cyanosis. Treatment: oxygen, semi-fowlers position, fluids, monitor vital
signs often, ECG, ABG, Heparin, cardiopulmonary support.
What is the blood PH?
✓ ~~~ 7.35-7.45
What is acidic blood PH?
✓ ~~~ Below 7.35
What is alkalotic blood PH?
✓ ~~~ Above 7.45
What would increased diarrhea do to body PH?
✓ ~~~ Acidosis
What would increased vomitting do to body PH?
✓ ~~~ Alkalosis
Normal Range of PCO2 in blood
