CEN Practice Questions with Answers

Which of the following is an early sign/symptom of left ventricular heart failure? ️️ Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea & dyspnea [crackles, JVD, ascites, hepatomegaly, peripheral edema = right heart failure] Morphine is contraindicated in a right ventricular MI (RV MI) because of what drug action? ️️ Morphine reduces preload [preload reducing agents like morphine Lasix [venodilator], and NTG are contraindicated in RV MI b/c they decrease preload] Which of the following signs/symptoms is not characteristic of Wernicke's encephalopathy? Confabulation, chronic memory loss, ataxia, nystagmus. ️️ Chronic memory loss [Wernick's encephalopathy is characterized by confusion, confabulation, gait ataxia and nystagmus; chronic/permanent memory loss is a symptom of Korsakoff's syndrome] A patient c/o an excruciating unilateral headache with nasal congestion and excessive lacrimation on the affect side. The nurse suspects: ️️ Cluster headache [excessive tearing/lacrimation, along with unilateral nasal congestion, are signs of a cluster HA; temporal (Giant cell) arteritis has a palpable cord-like temporal artery Which highly communicable infection is characterized by swollen salivary and parotid glands? ️️ Mumps [Measles = Koplik spots; pertussis = "whooping cough"; diphtheria = gray pseudomembranous coating in throat] A 68F with a history of AFIB c/o sudden onset of painless, unilateral vision loss and denies any trauma. Which ocular emergency does the nurse suspect? ️️ Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) [acute angle glaucoma = "tunnel vision" and halos around lights; hyphema = blood in anterior chamber of eye] Which of the following signs/symptoms should raise an index of suspicion that a patient is experiencing retinal detachment? ️️ Photopsia and "floaters" in the visual field A hazardous vulnerability assessment is completed in which phase of disaster management? ️️ Mitigation [disaster preparedness = stockpiling supplies, training and mutual aid agreements]