testbank Exam aug 2024 peds
Which should the nurse include in the explanation to the infant's mother? Select
all that apply.
1. Infants have a lower proportion of their body weight as water.
2. The percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age
child.
3. School-age children have a larger body surface area.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
5. The metabolic rate of the school-age child is higher. - ANSWER-2. The
percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age child.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
16) As a result of opioid administration, a child's respirations are slow and shallow.
Which should the nurse anticipate when assessing the child's arterial blood gas?
1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
2. Decreased PCO2 and respiratory alkalosis
3. Low pH and low PCO2
4.High pH and high PCO2 - ANSWER-1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
17) Which rationale will the seasoned nurse share with the novice nurse regarding
why the specific gravity for infants is lower than for older children?
,1. The infant has a greater body surface area.
2. The infant has a higher basal metabolic rate.
3. The infant has a greater percentage of body weight that is water.
4.The infant's kidneys are less able to concentrate urine - ANSWER-4.The infant's
kidneys are less able to concentrate urine
Which should the nurse include in the explanation to the infant's mother? Select
all that apply.
1. Infants have a lower proportion of their body weight as water.
2. The percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age
child.
3. School-age children have a larger body surface area.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
5. The metabolic rate of the school-age child is higher. - ANSWER-2. The
percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age child.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
16) As a result of opioid administration, a child's respirations are slow and shallow.
Which should the nurse anticipate when assessing the child's arterial blood gas?
1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
2. Decreased PCO2 and respiratory alkalosis
3. Low pH and low PCO2
,4.High pH and high PCO2 - ANSWER-1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
17) Which rationale will the seasoned nurse share with the novice nurse regarding
why the specific gravity for infants is lower than for older children?
1. The infant has a greater body surface area.
2. The infant has a higher basal metabolic rate.
3. The infant has a greater percentage of body weight that is water.
4.The infant's kidneys are less able to concentrate urine - ANSWER-4.The infant's
kidneys are less able to concentrate urine
1) Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action
by the nurse?
1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2. The infant has good head control when held upright.
3. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
4. The anterior fontanel is open and soft. - ANSWER-1. The posterior fontanel is
open.
2) The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client in the emergency department
(ED) with a diagnosis of decreased level of consciousness (LOC) secondary to
increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which healthcare provider order should the
nurse question?
1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion
2. Oxygen at 2 L nasal cannula to keep saturation above 95%
, 3. Hourly vital signs and neurologic checks
4. Elevate head of bed 30 degrees - ANSWER-1. Passive range-of-motion exercises
to promote hip flexion
3) A 4-year-old client with intractable seizures has been on a ketogenic diet for the
last 6 months, with a decrease in seizure activity. This child is now admitted to the
pediatric unit with left-sided pain. Which possible complication to this diet does
the nurse suspect?
1. Appendicitis
2. Bowel obstruction
3. Urinary tract infection
4. Kidney stones - ANSWER-4. Kidney stones
4) A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in
status epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
1. Take vital signs.
2. Establish an intravenous line.
3. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
4. Maintain patent airway. - ANSWER-4. Maintain patent airway.
5) The nurse is teaching a mother of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure
disorder. The child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures.
Which parental statement indicates the need for further education?
Which should the nurse include in the explanation to the infant's mother? Select
all that apply.
1. Infants have a lower proportion of their body weight as water.
2. The percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age
child.
3. School-age children have a larger body surface area.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
5. The metabolic rate of the school-age child is higher. - ANSWER-2. The
percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age child.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
16) As a result of opioid administration, a child's respirations are slow and shallow.
Which should the nurse anticipate when assessing the child's arterial blood gas?
1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
2. Decreased PCO2 and respiratory alkalosis
3. Low pH and low PCO2
4.High pH and high PCO2 - ANSWER-1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
17) Which rationale will the seasoned nurse share with the novice nurse regarding
why the specific gravity for infants is lower than for older children?
,1. The infant has a greater body surface area.
2. The infant has a higher basal metabolic rate.
3. The infant has a greater percentage of body weight that is water.
4.The infant's kidneys are less able to concentrate urine - ANSWER-4.The infant's
kidneys are less able to concentrate urine
Which should the nurse include in the explanation to the infant's mother? Select
all that apply.
1. Infants have a lower proportion of their body weight as water.
2. The percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age
child.
3. School-age children have a larger body surface area.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
5. The metabolic rate of the school-age child is higher. - ANSWER-2. The
percentage of extracellular fluid is higher in the infant than the school-age child.
4. The school-age child's kidneys are more mature and better able to conserve
water.
16) As a result of opioid administration, a child's respirations are slow and shallow.
Which should the nurse anticipate when assessing the child's arterial blood gas?
1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
2. Decreased PCO2 and respiratory alkalosis
3. Low pH and low PCO2
,4.High pH and high PCO2 - ANSWER-1. Increased PCO2 and respiratory acidosis
17) Which rationale will the seasoned nurse share with the novice nurse regarding
why the specific gravity for infants is lower than for older children?
1. The infant has a greater body surface area.
2. The infant has a higher basal metabolic rate.
3. The infant has a greater percentage of body weight that is water.
4.The infant's kidneys are less able to concentrate urine - ANSWER-4.The infant's
kidneys are less able to concentrate urine
1) Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action
by the nurse?
1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2. The infant has good head control when held upright.
3. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
4. The anterior fontanel is open and soft. - ANSWER-1. The posterior fontanel is
open.
2) The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client in the emergency department
(ED) with a diagnosis of decreased level of consciousness (LOC) secondary to
increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which healthcare provider order should the
nurse question?
1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion
2. Oxygen at 2 L nasal cannula to keep saturation above 95%
, 3. Hourly vital signs and neurologic checks
4. Elevate head of bed 30 degrees - ANSWER-1. Passive range-of-motion exercises
to promote hip flexion
3) A 4-year-old client with intractable seizures has been on a ketogenic diet for the
last 6 months, with a decrease in seizure activity. This child is now admitted to the
pediatric unit with left-sided pain. Which possible complication to this diet does
the nurse suspect?
1. Appendicitis
2. Bowel obstruction
3. Urinary tract infection
4. Kidney stones - ANSWER-4. Kidney stones
4) A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in
status epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
1. Take vital signs.
2. Establish an intravenous line.
3. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
4. Maintain patent airway. - ANSWER-4. Maintain patent airway.
5) The nurse is teaching a mother of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure
disorder. The child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures.
Which parental statement indicates the need for further education?
