Testbank Chapter 8 Exam due aug 2024
,The resident assistant of a campus residence hall notices that when a team of five students is
assigned to bathroom duty, the bathrooms are not as well cleaned as when only one student is
assigned to clean them. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?
A) social facilitation
B) group decline
C) social inhibition
D) social loafing
E) a minimal group paradigm - ANSWER-D) social loafing
Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?
A) Phoebe, who works with her classmates on a difficult group assignment
B) Troy, who has to write the forward of a novel he did not write
C) Tim, who washes a car with his friends
D) Danny, who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem
E) Amanda, who sits alone in her office, licking stamps and placing them on envelopes - ANSWER-
C) Tim, who washes a car with his friends
Social loafing is likely to impair performance _______ and to enhance performance _______.
A) on complex tasks; when we're with others.
B) on simple tasks; on complex tasks.
C) when we're alone; when we're with others.
D) when we're with others; when we're alone.
E) on complex tasks; on simple tasks. - ANSWER-B) on simple tasks; on complex tasks.
Group or team learning activities are becoming more common in the university setting and
professors often assign students to work in groups. Given what you know about social loafing,
what advice would you give a professor who is considering using group learning activities?
A) For simple assignments, it's better to assign a group grade.
B) Beware of social loafing. It's always better to have students work alone if you want them to do
well.
C) Make sure that the groups of students are cohesive and appoint their own leader.
D) For simple assignments, it's better to assign individual grades to students.
E) Make sure that the groups are not too small. It's better to have more students relying on one
another. - ANSWER-D) For simple assignments, it's better to assign individual grades to students.
In social loafing, why is an individual's performance on a task undertaken with others better on
complex tasks than on simple tasks?
,A) There is less evaluation apprehension associated with simple tasks.
B) It actually depends on how the task will be evaluated.
C) When people become members of a group, they experience positive affect.
D) When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax.
E) When people become members of a group, they are motivated to impress others. - ANSWER-
D) When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax.
_______ exists when three or more people are interdependent and need to rely on one another
to achieve their needs or goals.
A) A group
B) A collective
C) A minimal group
D) Social roles
E) A social loafer - ANSWER-A) A group
When social psychologists define a group as a collection of interdependent people, they mean
that
A) members' needs and goals cause them to influence one another.
B) there is seldom interpersonal conflict in social groups.
C) minimal groups often evolve into social groups.
D) the group members interact with one another.
E) members of groups have relatively little impact on one another. - ANSWER-A) members' needs
and goals cause them to influence one another.
Families, church or synagogue congregations, student organizations, and sports teams can be
conceived of as groups because
A) they are part of our evolutionary and cultural heritage as humans.
B) they are typically composed of more than ten members.
C) they are typically composed of more than two members.
D) they are relatively stable collections of individuals who share the same goals.
E) individual members interact with one another and influence one another. - ANSWER-E)
individual members interact with one another and influence one another.
In groups, interdependence is reflected in
A) working towards a common goal.
B) communicating with one another.
C) influencing and being influenced.
, D) group conflict.
E) finding alternatives to conflict. - ANSWER-C) influencing and being influenced.
Roy Baumeister and Mark Leary (1995) argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all
societies because
A) the Industrial Revolution brought about increased specialization in the workforce.
B) hunting and farming have been replaced by business and technology.
C) interaction with many people is unavoidable.
D) cultural norms everywhere dictate that people cooperate.
E) group membership has conferred evolutionary advantages to humans. - ANSWER-E) group
membership has conferred evolutionary advantages to humans.
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the function of group membership?
A) Bonding in groups conveys an evolutionary advantage.
B) Groups convey behavioural expectations through social roles.
C) Groups can motivate people to be involved in social change.
D) Groups can define social identity and influence future aspirations.
E) Groups improve task performance and productivity. - ANSWER-E) Groups improve task
performance and productivity.
According to research, social groups tend to range in size from two or three members to several
dozen members. Why is this?
A) If groups were larger it would be impossible to interact with other members.
B) If a group becomes too large conflict within the group becomes unavoidable.
C) It would be difficult for members to find more people who are similar to them.
D) It is too difficult to arrive at normative consensus when groups grow too large.
E) The larger the social group, the greater the likelihood of destructive conflict. - ANSWER-A) If
groups were larger it would be impossible to interact with other members.
Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a
social group?
A) deliberating members of a 12-person jury
B) personnel employed at a large corporation
C) students in a large lecture course
D) undergraduates enrolled at a large public university
E) fans at a hockey game. - ANSWER-A) deliberating members of a 12-person jury
,The resident assistant of a campus residence hall notices that when a team of five students is
assigned to bathroom duty, the bathrooms are not as well cleaned as when only one student is
assigned to clean them. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?
A) social facilitation
B) group decline
C) social inhibition
D) social loafing
E) a minimal group paradigm - ANSWER-D) social loafing
Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?
A) Phoebe, who works with her classmates on a difficult group assignment
B) Troy, who has to write the forward of a novel he did not write
C) Tim, who washes a car with his friends
D) Danny, who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem
E) Amanda, who sits alone in her office, licking stamps and placing them on envelopes - ANSWER-
C) Tim, who washes a car with his friends
Social loafing is likely to impair performance _______ and to enhance performance _______.
A) on complex tasks; when we're with others.
B) on simple tasks; on complex tasks.
C) when we're alone; when we're with others.
D) when we're with others; when we're alone.
E) on complex tasks; on simple tasks. - ANSWER-B) on simple tasks; on complex tasks.
Group or team learning activities are becoming more common in the university setting and
professors often assign students to work in groups. Given what you know about social loafing,
what advice would you give a professor who is considering using group learning activities?
A) For simple assignments, it's better to assign a group grade.
B) Beware of social loafing. It's always better to have students work alone if you want them to do
well.
C) Make sure that the groups of students are cohesive and appoint their own leader.
D) For simple assignments, it's better to assign individual grades to students.
E) Make sure that the groups are not too small. It's better to have more students relying on one
another. - ANSWER-D) For simple assignments, it's better to assign individual grades to students.
In social loafing, why is an individual's performance on a task undertaken with others better on
complex tasks than on simple tasks?
,A) There is less evaluation apprehension associated with simple tasks.
B) It actually depends on how the task will be evaluated.
C) When people become members of a group, they experience positive affect.
D) When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax.
E) When people become members of a group, they are motivated to impress others. - ANSWER-
D) When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax.
_______ exists when three or more people are interdependent and need to rely on one another
to achieve their needs or goals.
A) A group
B) A collective
C) A minimal group
D) Social roles
E) A social loafer - ANSWER-A) A group
When social psychologists define a group as a collection of interdependent people, they mean
that
A) members' needs and goals cause them to influence one another.
B) there is seldom interpersonal conflict in social groups.
C) minimal groups often evolve into social groups.
D) the group members interact with one another.
E) members of groups have relatively little impact on one another. - ANSWER-A) members' needs
and goals cause them to influence one another.
Families, church or synagogue congregations, student organizations, and sports teams can be
conceived of as groups because
A) they are part of our evolutionary and cultural heritage as humans.
B) they are typically composed of more than ten members.
C) they are typically composed of more than two members.
D) they are relatively stable collections of individuals who share the same goals.
E) individual members interact with one another and influence one another. - ANSWER-E)
individual members interact with one another and influence one another.
In groups, interdependence is reflected in
A) working towards a common goal.
B) communicating with one another.
C) influencing and being influenced.
, D) group conflict.
E) finding alternatives to conflict. - ANSWER-C) influencing and being influenced.
Roy Baumeister and Mark Leary (1995) argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all
societies because
A) the Industrial Revolution brought about increased specialization in the workforce.
B) hunting and farming have been replaced by business and technology.
C) interaction with many people is unavoidable.
D) cultural norms everywhere dictate that people cooperate.
E) group membership has conferred evolutionary advantages to humans. - ANSWER-E) group
membership has conferred evolutionary advantages to humans.
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the function of group membership?
A) Bonding in groups conveys an evolutionary advantage.
B) Groups convey behavioural expectations through social roles.
C) Groups can motivate people to be involved in social change.
D) Groups can define social identity and influence future aspirations.
E) Groups improve task performance and productivity. - ANSWER-E) Groups improve task
performance and productivity.
According to research, social groups tend to range in size from two or three members to several
dozen members. Why is this?
A) If groups were larger it would be impossible to interact with other members.
B) If a group becomes too large conflict within the group becomes unavoidable.
C) It would be difficult for members to find more people who are similar to them.
D) It is too difficult to arrive at normative consensus when groups grow too large.
E) The larger the social group, the greater the likelihood of destructive conflict. - ANSWER-A) If
groups were larger it would be impossible to interact with other members.
Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a
social group?
A) deliberating members of a 12-person jury
B) personnel employed at a large corporation
C) students in a large lecture course
D) undergraduates enrolled at a large public university
E) fans at a hockey game. - ANSWER-A) deliberating members of a 12-person jury
