Study guide exam for GEOL 1500 with
elaborated question & answer 2024/2025
The boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere - CORRECT ANSWER-is the boundary
between rigid mantle and plastic mantle.
The two most common gases of the Earth's atmosphere, and their percentages, are - CORRECT
ANSWER-nitrogen (N2) at 78%, and oxygen (O2) at 21%.
Which of the Earth's layers accounts for most of the volume of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER-mantle
The earliest nebulae to form in the Universe were made almost entirely of - CORRECT ANSWER-
hydrogen and helium.
Which of the following pairs of elements composes most of the Earth's crust? - CORRECT ANSWER-
silicon and oxygen
Which of the following methods of heat transfer occurs when an increase in temperature creates a
decrease in density, causing the warm, less dense material to rise, as shown in this diagram? - CORRECT
ANSWER-convection
The Earth is round because - CORRECT ANSWER-its interior rock is warm enough to flow slowly in
response to gravity.
Identify the statement that is true about the Big Bang. - CORRECT ANSWER-It began with all matter and
energy concentrated in an infinitesimally small point.
The early view of the Earth's interior layers resembled a hard-boiled egg. Identify the correct labels for
this simplified view. - CORRECT ANSWER-1: crust, 2: mantle, 3: core
, The heavier elements on the Earth (those with atomic numbers greater than 5) - CORRECT ANSWER-
were formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during the life cycles of older stars and supernovae.
Which of the following traps cosmic rays and shields life on the Earth from excessive radiation? -
CORRECT ANSWER-magnetosphere
Which of the following images best shows how the Moon was formed? - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Humans are part of the - CORRECT ANSWER-biosphere.
Identify the true statement. - CORRECT ANSWER-The composition of the giant (Jovian) planets is mainly
gas and "ice."
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between air pressure and altitude, as illustrated
in this figure? - CORRECT ANSWER-At the top of Mt. Everest, air pressure is 30% of what it is at sea level
(altitude of zero).
As the map below shows, the oldest seafloor is generally less than 200 million years old. Why? -
CORRECT ANSWER-All oceanic lithosphere eventually gets subducted beneath the continents by the
time it is 200 million years old.
According to current plate tectonics theory, - CORRECT ANSWER-plates are composed of the crust and
the uppermost part of the mantle.
Wegener's theory of continental drift took decades to be accepted - CORRECT ANSWER-because
Wegener couldn't explain how continents moved.
Which of the following statements about lithosphere and asthenosphere is true? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lithosphere consists of the crust and the upper mantle and behaves like a rigid layer that breaks or
bends rather than flowing like the asthenosphere.
elaborated question & answer 2024/2025
The boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere - CORRECT ANSWER-is the boundary
between rigid mantle and plastic mantle.
The two most common gases of the Earth's atmosphere, and their percentages, are - CORRECT
ANSWER-nitrogen (N2) at 78%, and oxygen (O2) at 21%.
Which of the Earth's layers accounts for most of the volume of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER-mantle
The earliest nebulae to form in the Universe were made almost entirely of - CORRECT ANSWER-
hydrogen and helium.
Which of the following pairs of elements composes most of the Earth's crust? - CORRECT ANSWER-
silicon and oxygen
Which of the following methods of heat transfer occurs when an increase in temperature creates a
decrease in density, causing the warm, less dense material to rise, as shown in this diagram? - CORRECT
ANSWER-convection
The Earth is round because - CORRECT ANSWER-its interior rock is warm enough to flow slowly in
response to gravity.
Identify the statement that is true about the Big Bang. - CORRECT ANSWER-It began with all matter and
energy concentrated in an infinitesimally small point.
The early view of the Earth's interior layers resembled a hard-boiled egg. Identify the correct labels for
this simplified view. - CORRECT ANSWER-1: crust, 2: mantle, 3: core
, The heavier elements on the Earth (those with atomic numbers greater than 5) - CORRECT ANSWER-
were formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during the life cycles of older stars and supernovae.
Which of the following traps cosmic rays and shields life on the Earth from excessive radiation? -
CORRECT ANSWER-magnetosphere
Which of the following images best shows how the Moon was formed? - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Humans are part of the - CORRECT ANSWER-biosphere.
Identify the true statement. - CORRECT ANSWER-The composition of the giant (Jovian) planets is mainly
gas and "ice."
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between air pressure and altitude, as illustrated
in this figure? - CORRECT ANSWER-At the top of Mt. Everest, air pressure is 30% of what it is at sea level
(altitude of zero).
As the map below shows, the oldest seafloor is generally less than 200 million years old. Why? -
CORRECT ANSWER-All oceanic lithosphere eventually gets subducted beneath the continents by the
time it is 200 million years old.
According to current plate tectonics theory, - CORRECT ANSWER-plates are composed of the crust and
the uppermost part of the mantle.
Wegener's theory of continental drift took decades to be accepted - CORRECT ANSWER-because
Wegener couldn't explain how continents moved.
Which of the following statements about lithosphere and asthenosphere is true? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lithosphere consists of the crust and the upper mantle and behaves like a rigid layer that breaks or
bends rather than flowing like the asthenosphere.
