Dermatology Crash Course Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

  1. What is the difference in location of aphthous stomatitis vs. herpes Answer: apthous stomatitis (inside mouth) herpes (outside mouth) 2. Which needs to be treated within 48-72 hours? Apthous stomatitis or her- pes? Answer: herpes with an antiviral 3. Chronic ulceractive stomatitis - Definition - treatment Answer: autoimmune disorders often caused by lichen planus treat with oral steroids if severe, hydroxychloroquine (or plaquenil) 4. Keratosis pilaris aka treatment Answer: Answer: aka chicken skin treat with keratolytic in combo with emollient 5. impetigo two main pathogens Answer: Strep pyrogenes Staph aureus 6. Impetigo Answer: bullous Answer: NO honey crust large, bullae eruptions 7. Impetigo Answer: bullous treatment Answer: PO abx typically cefalexin (keflex), dicloxacilin (diclocil), and doxycycline (vibramycin) 8. Impetigo Answer: non-bullous Answer: more common honey crusted lesions 9. Impetigo Answer: non-bullous treatment Answer: mupirocin (bactroban) ointment 10. pityriasis rosea Answer: describe the rash Answer: Starts as a herald patch Then spreads like Xmas tree pattern 11. Pityriasis rosea treatment Answer: self-limiting can last several weeks 12. Brown recluse spider bite Answer: Initial bite is painless Vemon is necrotizing Tender, deep purple in color White halo around it sometimes see systemic symptoms 13. Rocky mountain spotted fever key words to spot Answer: North Carolina Tick bite Starts as rash on palms and soles 14. Rocky mountain spotted fever precipitated by Answer: Answer: tick bite 15. Rocky mountain spotted fever symptoms Answer: Rash 3-5 days after symptoms Starts as rash on palms and soles 16. Rocky mountain spotted fever treatment Answer: Doxycycline 17. Lyme disease Answer: distinguishing lesion Answer: Bull's eye, target lesion 18. Lyme disease aka Answer: erythema migrans 19. Lyme disease treatment Answer: doxycycline (> 12 years) alternative Answer: amoxicillin 20. Measles (rubeola) Answer: distinguishing s/sx Answer: Fever --> 3 C's (conjunctiva, conges- tion, cough) --> 3-5 days later Answer: maculopapular rash koplik spots on buccal mucosa 21. Measles prevention Answer: MMR vaccine (remember only after 12 months since it's "live") 22. Mumps Answer: most common symptoms Answer: Parotid gland swelling Side note Answer: this can also be seen with bulimia disorders from repetitive vomiting 23. Parotitis vs. Sialolithiasis Answer: Sialolithiasis Answer: Salivary gland stones (may need sur- gical removal); typically non-tender Parotitis Answer: typically tender and warm 24. Actinic keratosis Answer: lesion description Answer: dry, scaly lesion on sun-exposed areas 25. Actinic keratosis can lead to Answer: squamous cell carcinoma 26. Actinic keratotis treatment Answer: 5-FU (fluorouracil) or cryotherapy 27. squamous cell carcinoma Answer: slow growing scaly ulcerations bleeds easily (auspitz sign- pinpoint bleed post scratch) 28. squamous cell carcinoma dx Answer: biopsy 29. cafe au lait spots Answer: what are these and how are they treated? Answer: hyperpimen- tation often benign and don't require treatment 30. Cafe au lait spots Answer: if more than 8, worry about. neurofibromatosis 31. ABCDEs of melanoma Answer: asymmetry, border, color, diameter (>6), evolution 32. Other signs of melanoma Answer: black line on fingernail without trauma 33. Seborrheic keratotis Answer: "stuck on" appearance benign common in older adults 34. basal cell carcinoma Answer: Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by shiny, waxy, pearly lesions Telangiectasia Answer: visible blood vessels across the lesion 35. Eczema Answer: itch that rashes itchy rash on flexor surfaces also known as atopic dermatitis 36. atopic dermatitis treatment Answer: emollients topical steroids 37. plaque psoriasis Answer: how would you recognize this? Answer: thick, silvery scales 38. plaque psoriasis Answer: clinical signs Answer: auspitz sign koebner's phenomenon Answer: trauma that leads to plaque 39. plaque psoriasis Answer: treatment Answer: topical steroids or coal tar refer if these don't work 40. contact dermatitis vs shingles Answer: contact dermatitis Answer: linear distribution, local- ized, immediate reaction in relation to contact with irritant shingles Answer: dermatome distribution, vesicular, burning/tingling at site before rash 41. what type of shingles must be the patient always be referred out? Answer: Involving eyes (due to risk for permanent corneal damage, blindness) 42. what is the best way to prevent shingles? Answer: shingrix (as early as age 50) 43. if skin is intact but non-blanchable, what stage of pressure ulcer? Answer: stage 1 44. how do you know if pressure is unstageable? Answer: slough present, unable to visualize the wound bed depth 45. if we see eschar on the patient's heel, what do we do? Answer: Don't remove it or soak it (will introduce infection) 46. Scabies Answer: stereotypical s/sx Answer: intense itching b/w finger webs 47. Scabies treatment Answer: Permethrin for person and whole family 48. Chicken pox Answer: various stages of healing 49. When you return to school with chicken pox? Answer: when lesions have crusted over 50. head lice symptom Answer: itchy scalp 51. head lice treatmnet Answer: permethrin twice 1st- kill live ones 2nd a week after Answer: kill hatched lice 52. molluscum contagiosum Answer: description and tx Answer: umbilicated, dimpling, indent in middle flush color contagious self-limiting 53. molluscum contagiosum if in groin area in children, worry about Answer: Answer: sexual abuse 54. anthrax Answer: who would you see this in typically? Answer: cattle farmer 55. anthrax Answer: key words Answer: black, ulcerated, painLESS 56. anthrax Answer: treatment Answer: 1st line Answer: ciprofloxacin (cipro) 2nd line Answer: tetracycline (doxy) 57. hidradenitis suppurative (HS) Answer: chronic inflammatory condition nodules, pustules in sweat glands (groin, thigh, axilla, breasts) 58. Is hidradenitis suppurativa related to poor hygiene? Answer: No due to genetics, smoking, obesity 59. Hidradenitis suppurativa treatment Answer: Mild Answer: warm compresses (maybe oral abx if pus) Severe Answer: I & D 60. Folliculitis Answer: what is it? Answer: hair follicle infection 61. folliculitis treatment Answer: self-resolving warm compresses May treat with mupirocin or PO abx (keflex, penicillin) if severe 62. rosacea Answer: distinguishing factor Answer: facial rash that does NOT spare nasal folds 63. rosacea treatment Answer: metronidazole (flagyl) 64. rosacea education Answer: refer to opthalmology with ocular mvmt educate about sun protectants avoid triggers (spicy foods, alcohol, exercise, etc.) 65. lupus Answer: describe rash Answer: malar rash (DOES spare nasolabial folds) 66. lupus Answer: what symptoms consistent with Sjogren's syndrome Answer: dry eyes and dry mouth 67. Erysipelas Answer: what is it? Answer: bacterial infection of the skin's outer layers 68. Erysipelas Answer: symptoms Answer: sharply defined, well-demarcated borders of erythema, edema, and warmth central clearing fever, chills, headache, and malaise 69. Erysipelas treatment Answer: PCN or cefalexin (keflex) 70. Purulent cellulitis treatment Answer: BCD Bactrim, Clindamycin, Doxycycline 71. Non-purulent cellulitis treatment Answer: Keflex or PCN 72. Acne treatment Answer: 1st line Answer: benzoyl peroxide wash cream (topical) 2nd line Answer: topical abx (tretinoin or retin A; clindamycin) 3rd line Answer: PO abx (doxycycline) 73. What teaching to include about tetracyclines? Answer: use sunscreen!! 74. Leukoplasia vs candidiasis Answer: leukoplasia Answer: can't scrap off white candidiasis Answer: will scrap off 75. what tongue condition is common in those with HIV? Answer: leukoplasia 76. which do you refer to the dentist Answer: Leukoplasia vs candidiasis Answer: leukoplasia (can be detrimental to enamel) 77. geographical tongue Answer: what is it? what does it look like? Answer: benign inflamma- tory tongue condition typically preceded by spit and hot foods tiny, pinkish-white bumps called papillae 78. Fifth's disease Answer: presentation Answer: high fever --> slap cheek rash, lacey netlike rash 79. Fifth's disease Answer: when is it no longer contagious? Answer: when the rash appears 80. Fifth's disease Answer: safety alert Answer: stay away from pregnant ppl (causes miscarriage) 81. ringworm on head is called Answer: tinea capitis 82. ringworm on beard is called Answer: tinea barbae 83. ringworm on groin is called Answer: tinea cruris 84. ringworm on feet are called Answer: tinea pedis 85. ringworm all over the body is called Answer: tinea versicolor 86. tinea treatment Answer: topical or oral antifungal (fluconazole) PO options for severe, recurrent, vaginal, or onychomycosis 87. Enterobiasis also known as Answer: pinworms 88. how to test for enterobiasis Answer: test for ringworm using scotch tape test early in AM 89. enterobiasis treatment Answer: treat ringworm with mebendazole or albendazole remember you BEND over to check with scotch tape test 90. animal bites treatment Answer: Augmentin remember Answer: dog bitten, aug mentin 91. Rx to help reduce symptoms of rosacea Answer: Topical brimonidine (helps reduce facial redness) 92. first-line treatment for folliculitis Answer: benzoyl peroxide if pathogen is pseudomonas aeurginosa (aka "hot tub folliculitis") can treat with oral cipro 93. another name for hidradenitis suppurativa Answer: acne inversa