, 06/10/24
structure and bandny
organic Chemisky :
al
Study bon
, Nitrym Oxygen , , hydrogen
atoms nucleas w) Protons
,
neutrons surrounded by a cloud of dectrons
↑ m
atomic Atomic
# mass
isotopes : nucel with delf masses (abomic weight
Orbital : Locations where you find an electron (00 % chance
& & "Red like red
M
likes blue
blue
"
/
can
color
bond with same
sorbital porbital
d orbital
node :
100 % chance at NOT findy an electron (nucleus
Valence "Outer most"shell aufbau Principle build
up
: :
must have
shells :
group
of electrons Poli extusan
principle Ind electrom
:
opposite election
spin
hunds re : All orbitals of the same energy
garl only one
till they are all
occupied
locd #
by 1 electron ,
they can
gain a second electron
Same
degerate
-
Best N I
:
-
-
#
Ist shell Phosphere
electrons) is
(capacity
-
2 atomic# : IS
Ist 25t 2 p.3523p
Law and
at Conservati at low
enough Kne] 352 spe
· ctor rold don't violate it
[No] 35 3 pa spy' epe
Sorbital -
has no direction (spores bondy
Porbital -
has directi (dembell) NHz
moloculonave covalent bonds
Valonce N H
salts have lonk bonds
H
-
-
Shell
electron
I
Pair X
·order
0
189 5
Repulsi
.
theory #-
Sur
yar bond com
a
you
Tetrehelne
consH-
H
I
, bond
Valence
theory
⑪
He molocke
Is IS
bond length distance from :
one nuclas to another
#bridizabm : Kind of like
averaging
BondBm
P +
P- T bond
Sp , Sp?, Sp
spad
H
↑ -H
H C
2 Sp
S
Sp3 Sp3-S
+
#ol3 has sp hybridization
-
Opund a molecule with a steric
CH3Ch3 - condensed structure
sorbitals are closer
B
F
-
Sp2
H
than porbital
Hi : -Shorter
Sp 180
°
Sp2 : 1200
SP3C was 4 asoms or Conepars Attach 50
Sp3 109 :
.
-
longer
sp3 +
sp3 Obond
Condensed structures
CH , O
CH3
Carbon is
hybridged as I
H C H
Sp2 CH3CHCHCHz or
CHzCHzCH((H3)2
a(
-
-
: H
sam
I
H H
H H-C H
-
ethene posseses ( =
C I I
#
I
Skeleted Struct was
H -
⑧
12
any anghe
is assume to be
carben
halogens-
I bond Grok C -
H
hybrizati of 8 neutral O always has I bonds
N- 3
bonds
o: spe C-4 bonds
, Chapter 3 :
Alkanes and ther Storeochemistry
functional Place where chemical reats occur
groups
:
comformati :
how atoms more
Reactions occur in the double bond
the rost of the molecule becomes "Cut and Paste"
functional groups cause polarity and Particly Positive/negative
aliphatic - Alkuns
as compounds get larger they
are more likely to become solids pliquel
Saturate : holds Max amount of Allans which hold max of , hydrogens
Alkame Sammula
Inten +2
I somer :
compound with same formula but
disseret structure
Methane CHy
ethane
C2Hy-CHz CH3 Alkyl groups methane , mothy group
-
, methyl alohel methylene
Propane Ho CHzCHyCHz
butane C4 His T are
-
1H -y/ amine
=
NHe
Branched
CH3CH2CHy CH3 isomer
y = OH
H
substituant-substitutes
Iso butane Cyttio He I replaces an "H/
(2-mothyl Propane) H -
C 0
-
H
CH3CH CH3
-
↓ methyl Alcohol- hydro
Pentane (gHie carbe
Chy(H2CHzCH2CHz
water
2-mothylbutane CgHiz <3
CH3CHzCH 2H3
2-2
dimethylproper s Hiz 2473
CH3CH3
I
CH3
butane
Cultio
N
structure and bandny
organic Chemisky :
al
Study bon
, Nitrym Oxygen , , hydrogen
atoms nucleas w) Protons
,
neutrons surrounded by a cloud of dectrons
↑ m
atomic Atomic
# mass
isotopes : nucel with delf masses (abomic weight
Orbital : Locations where you find an electron (00 % chance
& & "Red like red
M
likes blue
blue
"
/
can
color
bond with same
sorbital porbital
d orbital
node :
100 % chance at NOT findy an electron (nucleus
Valence "Outer most"shell aufbau Principle build
up
: :
must have
shells :
group
of electrons Poli extusan
principle Ind electrom
:
opposite election
spin
hunds re : All orbitals of the same energy
garl only one
till they are all
occupied
locd #
by 1 electron ,
they can
gain a second electron
Same
degerate
-
Best N I
:
-
-
#
Ist shell Phosphere
electrons) is
(capacity
-
2 atomic# : IS
Ist 25t 2 p.3523p
Law and
at Conservati at low
enough Kne] 352 spe
· ctor rold don't violate it
[No] 35 3 pa spy' epe
Sorbital -
has no direction (spores bondy
Porbital -
has directi (dembell) NHz
moloculonave covalent bonds
Valonce N H
salts have lonk bonds
H
-
-
Shell
electron
I
Pair X
·order
0
189 5
Repulsi
.
theory #-
Sur
yar bond com
a
you
Tetrehelne
consH-
H
I
, bond
Valence
theory
⑪
He molocke
Is IS
bond length distance from :
one nuclas to another
#bridizabm : Kind of like
averaging
BondBm
P +
P- T bond
Sp , Sp?, Sp
spad
H
↑ -H
H C
2 Sp
S
Sp3 Sp3-S
+
#ol3 has sp hybridization
-
Opund a molecule with a steric
CH3Ch3 - condensed structure
sorbitals are closer
B
F
-
Sp2
H
than porbital
Hi : -Shorter
Sp 180
°
Sp2 : 1200
SP3C was 4 asoms or Conepars Attach 50
Sp3 109 :
.
-
longer
sp3 +
sp3 Obond
Condensed structures
CH , O
CH3
Carbon is
hybridged as I
H C H
Sp2 CH3CHCHCHz or
CHzCHzCH((H3)2
a(
-
-
: H
sam
I
H H
H H-C H
-
ethene posseses ( =
C I I
#
I
Skeleted Struct was
H -
⑧
12
any anghe
is assume to be
carben
halogens-
I bond Grok C -
H
hybrizati of 8 neutral O always has I bonds
N- 3
bonds
o: spe C-4 bonds
, Chapter 3 :
Alkanes and ther Storeochemistry
functional Place where chemical reats occur
groups
:
comformati :
how atoms more
Reactions occur in the double bond
the rost of the molecule becomes "Cut and Paste"
functional groups cause polarity and Particly Positive/negative
aliphatic - Alkuns
as compounds get larger they
are more likely to become solids pliquel
Saturate : holds Max amount of Allans which hold max of , hydrogens
Alkame Sammula
Inten +2
I somer :
compound with same formula but
disseret structure
Methane CHy
ethane
C2Hy-CHz CH3 Alkyl groups methane , mothy group
-
, methyl alohel methylene
Propane Ho CHzCHyCHz
butane C4 His T are
-
1H -y/ amine
=
NHe
Branched
CH3CH2CHy CH3 isomer
y = OH
H
substituant-substitutes
Iso butane Cyttio He I replaces an "H/
(2-mothyl Propane) H -
C 0
-
H
CH3CH CH3
-
↓ methyl Alcohol- hydro
Pentane (gHie carbe
Chy(H2CHzCH2CHz
water
2-mothylbutane CgHiz <3
CH3CHzCH 2H3
2-2
dimethylproper s Hiz 2473
CH3CH3
I
CH3
butane
Cultio
N
