Learning Physical Geology exam with
actual question & answer 2024/2025
Geology - CORRECT ANSWER-the scientific study of Earth
List 5 resources that are needed to make a pencil - CORRECT ANSWER-brass, iron, graphite, paint
pigment, petroleum
List at least 4 geologic hazards that could potentially affect California - CORRECT ANSWER-Earthquakes,
Tsunamis, Landslides, mass wasting
What are some diminishing resources? - CORRECT ANSWER--petroleum
-iron, aluminium, copper, tin
What did US switch to when petroleum was used up? - CORRECT ANSWER-oil
Pyroclastic flow - CORRECT ANSWER-The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases during an
explosive volcanic eruption
Mudflow - CORRECT ANSWER-slurry of water and rock debris that flows down a stream channel
What are the 3 major types of fossil fuels used for energy? Name at least 4 alternative or renewable
energy resources. - CORRECT ANSWER-- coal, oil and natural gas
-landfill gas, solar, hydro, wind
List the sources that supply northern OC with its drinking water - CORRECT ANSWER-aqueducts, ground
water
, How does the study of Geology benefit us in our everyday lives? - CORRECT ANSWER-supplying the
things we need, protecting the environment, understanding our surroundings, Avoiding geological
hazards
Explain the process of the scientific method to develop a hypothesis and a theory? - CORRECT ANSWER-
1. A question asked or problem raised
2. Gathering of data
3. Hypotheses proposed
4. Prediction
5. Predictions are tested
6. The hypothesis becomes a theory
Explain what the nebular hypothesis is and how the solar system and plants were formed. - CORRECT
ANSWER-Solar system was born 4.6 b.y. from interstellar cloud, an enourmous aggregate of gas and
dust. Such clouds are common bw the stars in our galaxy. Interstellar cloud made of Hydrogen (71%) and
Helium (27%). The cloud also had microscopic dust particles. Gravitational attraction caused it to
collapse inwards and triggered by a star exploding nearby or by a collision to a nearby cloud.
List from closest to the Sun, the Terrestrial, and Jovian planets. What are the major diff. bw the
Terrestrial and Jovain planets? - CORRECT ANSWER--Terrestrial - Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
-Jovian- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
-Terrestrial mainly made of silicates surrounding an iron core
-Jovian mainly made of hydrogen gas and water, methane, and ammonia
What is the Sun mainly made of? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hydrogen (75%)
Explain what differentiation is and how each of the layers of Earth were formed. - CORRECT ANSWER--
Matter with high density (such as iron) to sink to their core, which matter with lower density (such as
silicate rock) "floated" to their surface
-heavier layers bottom and lighter surface to the top settle based on respective densities
From the inner core working outward, list all of the layers of the Earth that we talked about in lecture. -
CORRECT ANSWER--inner core
actual question & answer 2024/2025
Geology - CORRECT ANSWER-the scientific study of Earth
List 5 resources that are needed to make a pencil - CORRECT ANSWER-brass, iron, graphite, paint
pigment, petroleum
List at least 4 geologic hazards that could potentially affect California - CORRECT ANSWER-Earthquakes,
Tsunamis, Landslides, mass wasting
What are some diminishing resources? - CORRECT ANSWER--petroleum
-iron, aluminium, copper, tin
What did US switch to when petroleum was used up? - CORRECT ANSWER-oil
Pyroclastic flow - CORRECT ANSWER-The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases during an
explosive volcanic eruption
Mudflow - CORRECT ANSWER-slurry of water and rock debris that flows down a stream channel
What are the 3 major types of fossil fuels used for energy? Name at least 4 alternative or renewable
energy resources. - CORRECT ANSWER-- coal, oil and natural gas
-landfill gas, solar, hydro, wind
List the sources that supply northern OC with its drinking water - CORRECT ANSWER-aqueducts, ground
water
, How does the study of Geology benefit us in our everyday lives? - CORRECT ANSWER-supplying the
things we need, protecting the environment, understanding our surroundings, Avoiding geological
hazards
Explain the process of the scientific method to develop a hypothesis and a theory? - CORRECT ANSWER-
1. A question asked or problem raised
2. Gathering of data
3. Hypotheses proposed
4. Prediction
5. Predictions are tested
6. The hypothesis becomes a theory
Explain what the nebular hypothesis is and how the solar system and plants were formed. - CORRECT
ANSWER-Solar system was born 4.6 b.y. from interstellar cloud, an enourmous aggregate of gas and
dust. Such clouds are common bw the stars in our galaxy. Interstellar cloud made of Hydrogen (71%) and
Helium (27%). The cloud also had microscopic dust particles. Gravitational attraction caused it to
collapse inwards and triggered by a star exploding nearby or by a collision to a nearby cloud.
List from closest to the Sun, the Terrestrial, and Jovian planets. What are the major diff. bw the
Terrestrial and Jovain planets? - CORRECT ANSWER--Terrestrial - Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
-Jovian- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
-Terrestrial mainly made of silicates surrounding an iron core
-Jovian mainly made of hydrogen gas and water, methane, and ammonia
What is the Sun mainly made of? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hydrogen (75%)
Explain what differentiation is and how each of the layers of Earth were formed. - CORRECT ANSWER--
Matter with high density (such as iron) to sink to their core, which matter with lower density (such as
silicate rock) "floated" to their surface
-heavier layers bottom and lighter surface to the top settle based on respective densities
From the inner core working outward, list all of the layers of the Earth that we talked about in lecture. -
CORRECT ANSWER--inner core
