comprehensive exam 283
1.DM 1 TEACHING: vigorous exercise when BS level is 100-250 ml /dl
(5.6-13.8 mmol)
no ketones in the urine
have a carbohydrate snack before exercising
do not exercise within an hr of insulin injection or near peak
times. examine feet daily
2.Hyperglyemic-hyperosmolar state manifestations: gradual
onset BS greater than 600mg/dl
caused by infection, poor fluid intake and altered cns function with
neurologic function.
3.Metaboli alkalosis: Cause: decreased H+ independent of CO2
Compensation: respiratory and renal
Respiratory compensation:
-decreased ventilation -> increased CO2
Renal compensation
-Decreased H+ secretion
-Decreased HCO3 reabsorption
-Decreased synthesis of new bicarbonate
4.Crohn's disease: chronic inflammation of the
intestinal tract causes malabsorption of nutrients
results in low B12 Folic acid
diarrhea and steatorrhea pain below the umbilicus before and
after BM bright red blood in the stool
5.Teaching - Angina: stop
activity put sublingual nitro
call 911 if pain is not resolved by the first then take the
second nitro do not take more than 3 nitro
6.diveticulitis: provide low fiber
diet do not give laxatives or
enemas provide ATB and
Analgesics
7.lumbar puncture: complications - headache ICP PHOTOPHOBIA,
change in LOC
8.LUMBAR PUNCTURE CONTRAINDICATIONS: patient with increased
ICP, bc rapid loss of CSF can cause brain herniation
infection around the pauncture site
1.DM 1 TEACHING: vigorous exercise when BS level is 100-250 ml /dl
(5.6-13.8 mmol)
no ketones in the urine
have a carbohydrate snack before exercising
do not exercise within an hr of insulin injection or near peak
times. examine feet daily
2.Hyperglyemic-hyperosmolar state manifestations: gradual
onset BS greater than 600mg/dl
caused by infection, poor fluid intake and altered cns function with
neurologic function.
3.Metaboli alkalosis: Cause: decreased H+ independent of CO2
Compensation: respiratory and renal
Respiratory compensation:
-decreased ventilation -> increased CO2
Renal compensation
-Decreased H+ secretion
-Decreased HCO3 reabsorption
-Decreased synthesis of new bicarbonate
4.Crohn's disease: chronic inflammation of the
intestinal tract causes malabsorption of nutrients
results in low B12 Folic acid
diarrhea and steatorrhea pain below the umbilicus before and
after BM bright red blood in the stool
5.Teaching - Angina: stop
activity put sublingual nitro
call 911 if pain is not resolved by the first then take the
second nitro do not take more than 3 nitro
6.diveticulitis: provide low fiber
diet do not give laxatives or
enemas provide ATB and
Analgesics
7.lumbar puncture: complications - headache ICP PHOTOPHOBIA,
change in LOC
8.LUMBAR PUNCTURE CONTRAINDICATIONS: patient with increased
ICP, bc rapid loss of CSF can cause brain herniation
infection around the pauncture site
