NR507 Midterm Exam
Questions And Answers
Chamberlain
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
,- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions
✓~ - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
✓~ - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Autoimmunity
Questions And Answers
Chamberlain
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
,- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions
✓~ - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction
✓~ - Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
✓~ - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Autoimmunity
