Bio 227 Exam 2 with Complete Solutions
1.maintain integrity and shape of a cell
2.obtain nutrients and form chemical building blocks
3. dispose of wastes Answer-What are the 3 cell functions?
cholesterol Answer-strengthens the cell membrane and stabilizes it at temperature
extremes
glycocalyx Answer-a "coating of sugar" on the cells surfaces
passive transport Answer-kinetic energy inherent within a a substance as it moves down
its concentration gradient (diffusion & Osmosis)
active transport Answer-movement of a solute against its concentration gradient
vesicular transport Answer-bulk transport
sodium-potassium pump Answer-moves one type of ion into a cell against its
concentration gradient, while moving another type of ion out of the cell against its
concentration gradient
autophagy Answer-when lysosomes digest molecular structures of damaged organelles
, Bio 227 Exam 2 with Complete Solutions
autolysis Answer-when enzymes from a damaged cells lysosomes are released in the
cytosol, resulting in a rapid digestion of the molecular components of the cell itself
3, 2 Answer-the sodium potassium exchange pump transfers ___ sodium ions out of the
cell for every ___ potassium ions it transports into the cell
proteasomes Answer-"garbage disposal" of unwanted protein
cilia Answer-small hairlike projections extending from the exposed surfaces of some cells
(move mucus and other substances)
flagella Answer-similar to cilia except longer and usually only one present (help propels
an entire cell)
membrane junctions Answer-connect and support cells
tight junctions Answer-seal off intercellular space and prevent substances from passing
between the cells
gap junction Answer-composed of 6 transmembrane proteins and provide a direct
passage way for substances to travel from neighboring cells
connexons Answer-6 proteins that make up the gap junction
1.maintain integrity and shape of a cell
2.obtain nutrients and form chemical building blocks
3. dispose of wastes Answer-What are the 3 cell functions?
cholesterol Answer-strengthens the cell membrane and stabilizes it at temperature
extremes
glycocalyx Answer-a "coating of sugar" on the cells surfaces
passive transport Answer-kinetic energy inherent within a a substance as it moves down
its concentration gradient (diffusion & Osmosis)
active transport Answer-movement of a solute against its concentration gradient
vesicular transport Answer-bulk transport
sodium-potassium pump Answer-moves one type of ion into a cell against its
concentration gradient, while moving another type of ion out of the cell against its
concentration gradient
autophagy Answer-when lysosomes digest molecular structures of damaged organelles
, Bio 227 Exam 2 with Complete Solutions
autolysis Answer-when enzymes from a damaged cells lysosomes are released in the
cytosol, resulting in a rapid digestion of the molecular components of the cell itself
3, 2 Answer-the sodium potassium exchange pump transfers ___ sodium ions out of the
cell for every ___ potassium ions it transports into the cell
proteasomes Answer-"garbage disposal" of unwanted protein
cilia Answer-small hairlike projections extending from the exposed surfaces of some cells
(move mucus and other substances)
flagella Answer-similar to cilia except longer and usually only one present (help propels
an entire cell)
membrane junctions Answer-connect and support cells
tight junctions Answer-seal off intercellular space and prevent substances from passing
between the cells
gap junction Answer-composed of 6 transmembrane proteins and provide a direct
passage way for substances to travel from neighboring cells
connexons Answer-6 proteins that make up the gap junction
