NURS 2101 CURRENT EXAM UPDATE
Acidosis - ANSWER pH < 7.5 High [H+]
Aetiology - ANSWER The study and cause of disease
anaemia - ANSWER An abnormally low number of circulating RBCs,
haemoglobin concentration or both
anaphylaxis - ANSWER An acute systematic type I response that occurs in highly
sensitive people after an injection of a specific antigen
ascites - ANSWER Excess of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
cirrhosis - ANSWER A progressive, irreversible disorder, eventually leading to
liver failure; the end stage of chronic liver disease
coagulopathy - ANSWER Any disorder of blood coagulation
colloid - ANSWER Gluelike the translucent, yellowish, gelatinous substance
resulting from colloid degeneration.
colonoscopy - ANSWER Colonoscopy is a medical procedure where a long,
flexible, tubular instrument called the colonoscope is used to view the entire inner
lining of the colon (large intestine) and the rectum.
colorectal resection - ANSWER Surgery to remove a section of the large intestines
colostomy - ANSWER Ostomy made in colon
dehydration - ANSWER Loss of water
fecal occult blood test (FOBT) - ANSWER A test used to search for hidden blood
in the feces
erythrocyte - ANSWER Red blood cell
hemolysis - ANSWER The process of RBC destruction
hepatitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the liver
, usually caused by a virus
acute or chronic.
hyperplasia - ANSWER An increase in the number or density in normal cells
glucagon - ANSWER A polypeptide hormone secreted by alpha cells that initiates
a rise in blood sugar levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen by the liver.
glycosuria - ANSWER Excess glucose in the urine
hyperglycemia - ANSWER Elevated blood glucose levels (above 126mg/dL),
which causes osmotic diuresis and, if chronic, makes vessel epithelium and renal
glomeruli.
hypoglycemia - ANSWER Low blood levels; deficiency of blood sugar.
hypertonic - ANSWER Solution high [] of solutes
hypervolaemia - ANSWER Excess intravascular fluid
hypotonic - ANSWER Solutiowith low [] solutes
hypovolaemia - ANSWER Decreased circulating blood volume
inflammation - ANSWER A complex, nonspecific, adaptive, response to injury that
brings fluid, dissolved substances and blood cell into the interstitial tissues where
the invasion or damage has occurred
ileostomy - ANSWER An ostomy is made in the ileu of the small intestine.
insensible fluid loss - ANSWER Transepidermal diffusion: water that passes
through the skin and is lost by evaporation, and evaporative water loss from the
respiratory tract
insulin - ANSWER A hormone that facilitates entry of glucose into fat and muscle
cells for energy
interstitial compartment - ANSWER the space that surrounds the cells of a given
tissue filled with interstitial fluid. Too much fluid in this space can lead to edema.
intracellular compartment - ANSWER Area inside the cell for fluid
Acidosis - ANSWER pH < 7.5 High [H+]
Aetiology - ANSWER The study and cause of disease
anaemia - ANSWER An abnormally low number of circulating RBCs,
haemoglobin concentration or both
anaphylaxis - ANSWER An acute systematic type I response that occurs in highly
sensitive people after an injection of a specific antigen
ascites - ANSWER Excess of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
cirrhosis - ANSWER A progressive, irreversible disorder, eventually leading to
liver failure; the end stage of chronic liver disease
coagulopathy - ANSWER Any disorder of blood coagulation
colloid - ANSWER Gluelike the translucent, yellowish, gelatinous substance
resulting from colloid degeneration.
colonoscopy - ANSWER Colonoscopy is a medical procedure where a long,
flexible, tubular instrument called the colonoscope is used to view the entire inner
lining of the colon (large intestine) and the rectum.
colorectal resection - ANSWER Surgery to remove a section of the large intestines
colostomy - ANSWER Ostomy made in colon
dehydration - ANSWER Loss of water
fecal occult blood test (FOBT) - ANSWER A test used to search for hidden blood
in the feces
erythrocyte - ANSWER Red blood cell
hemolysis - ANSWER The process of RBC destruction
hepatitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the liver
, usually caused by a virus
acute or chronic.
hyperplasia - ANSWER An increase in the number or density in normal cells
glucagon - ANSWER A polypeptide hormone secreted by alpha cells that initiates
a rise in blood sugar levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen by the liver.
glycosuria - ANSWER Excess glucose in the urine
hyperglycemia - ANSWER Elevated blood glucose levels (above 126mg/dL),
which causes osmotic diuresis and, if chronic, makes vessel epithelium and renal
glomeruli.
hypoglycemia - ANSWER Low blood levels; deficiency of blood sugar.
hypertonic - ANSWER Solution high [] of solutes
hypervolaemia - ANSWER Excess intravascular fluid
hypotonic - ANSWER Solutiowith low [] solutes
hypovolaemia - ANSWER Decreased circulating blood volume
inflammation - ANSWER A complex, nonspecific, adaptive, response to injury that
brings fluid, dissolved substances and blood cell into the interstitial tissues where
the invasion or damage has occurred
ileostomy - ANSWER An ostomy is made in the ileu of the small intestine.
insensible fluid loss - ANSWER Transepidermal diffusion: water that passes
through the skin and is lost by evaporation, and evaporative water loss from the
respiratory tract
insulin - ANSWER A hormone that facilitates entry of glucose into fat and muscle
cells for energy
interstitial compartment - ANSWER the space that surrounds the cells of a given
tissue filled with interstitial fluid. Too much fluid in this space can lead to edema.
intracellular compartment - ANSWER Area inside the cell for fluid
