PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW – RASMUSSEN WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1st degree burn - -Only the epidermis is damaged
-2 types of active trasnport - -Endocytosis and Exocytosis
-2 types of immunity - -Innate and acquired
-2nd deep degree burn - -Epidermis and 2/3 of the dermis is affected
-2nd superficial degree burn - -The epidermis and top 1/3 of the dermis is affected
-3 types of passive transport - -Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
-3rd degree burn - -Epidermis, dermis, and half of the hypodermis is affected
-5 cardinal signs of inflammation - -Pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function
-5 P's of compartment syndrome - -Pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
-Acidosis - -pH lower than 7.35
-Acquired immunodeficiency - -Results from infections such as AIDS or leukemia
-Acquired/adaptive immunity - -Second line of defense if innate fails, based upon resistance acquired
throughout life, responds slowly over a few days
-Active transport - -Movement from low concentration to high concentration using energy
-Age range more susceptible to fluid imbalance - -Young children, elderly, and the obese
-Alkalosis - -pH above 7.45
-Allergy - -Overreaction of environmental substances
-Angiogenesis - -Growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow
-Autograft - -Skin graft from a person's own body
-Autoimmune diseases of the skin - -Psoriasis, eczema, and contact dermatitis
-Autoimmunity - -Overreaction to self
-Basophils - -<1 Known for their role in asthma
, -Benign tumor - -A tumor that does not grow or invade surrounding tissue
-Bulla - -
-Cachexia - -Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness
-Calcium functions - -Blood clotting, cardiac function, nerve function, muscle contraction, healthy bones
and teeth
-Calcium range - -4.5-5
-Cancer Stage 1 - -Mass or tumor was found, localized cancer, has not spread
-Cancer Stage 2 - -Started to affect nearby tissue, mass may have grown in size, spread to lymph nodes
away from mass
-Cancer Stage 3 - -Affects more surrounding tissue, spread to distant lymph nodes away from mass
-Cancer Stage 4 - -Has spread to other tissues or organs from where it originated, AKA advanced or
metastatic
-Carcinogenesis - -The production or origin of cancer
-Causes of immunosuppression - -Corticosteroids, transplants, infection
-Cell membrane - -Control what enters and leaves the cell
-Cellulitis - -A deep infection of the skin caused by bacteria
-Chloride function - -Maintain fluid balance in the body
-Chloride range - -97-107
-Clinical manifestations - -Signs and symptoms
-Comminuted bone fracture - -
-Common pressure point areas - -Ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, thigh, lef, and heel
-Compartment Syndrome - -Pressure within the muscle builds to dangerous levels, decreases blood flow
and oxygenation to nerves and muscles.
-Complete remission - -All S/S of cancer have disappeared
-Congenital immunodeficiency - -Genetic abnormality
-Cure - -Complete remission for 5+ years
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1st degree burn - -Only the epidermis is damaged
-2 types of active trasnport - -Endocytosis and Exocytosis
-2 types of immunity - -Innate and acquired
-2nd deep degree burn - -Epidermis and 2/3 of the dermis is affected
-2nd superficial degree burn - -The epidermis and top 1/3 of the dermis is affected
-3 types of passive transport - -Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
-3rd degree burn - -Epidermis, dermis, and half of the hypodermis is affected
-5 cardinal signs of inflammation - -Pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function
-5 P's of compartment syndrome - -Pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
-Acidosis - -pH lower than 7.35
-Acquired immunodeficiency - -Results from infections such as AIDS or leukemia
-Acquired/adaptive immunity - -Second line of defense if innate fails, based upon resistance acquired
throughout life, responds slowly over a few days
-Active transport - -Movement from low concentration to high concentration using energy
-Age range more susceptible to fluid imbalance - -Young children, elderly, and the obese
-Alkalosis - -pH above 7.45
-Allergy - -Overreaction of environmental substances
-Angiogenesis - -Growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow
-Autograft - -Skin graft from a person's own body
-Autoimmune diseases of the skin - -Psoriasis, eczema, and contact dermatitis
-Autoimmunity - -Overreaction to self
-Basophils - -<1 Known for their role in asthma
, -Benign tumor - -A tumor that does not grow or invade surrounding tissue
-Bulla - -
-Cachexia - -Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness
-Calcium functions - -Blood clotting, cardiac function, nerve function, muscle contraction, healthy bones
and teeth
-Calcium range - -4.5-5
-Cancer Stage 1 - -Mass or tumor was found, localized cancer, has not spread
-Cancer Stage 2 - -Started to affect nearby tissue, mass may have grown in size, spread to lymph nodes
away from mass
-Cancer Stage 3 - -Affects more surrounding tissue, spread to distant lymph nodes away from mass
-Cancer Stage 4 - -Has spread to other tissues or organs from where it originated, AKA advanced or
metastatic
-Carcinogenesis - -The production or origin of cancer
-Causes of immunosuppression - -Corticosteroids, transplants, infection
-Cell membrane - -Control what enters and leaves the cell
-Cellulitis - -A deep infection of the skin caused by bacteria
-Chloride function - -Maintain fluid balance in the body
-Chloride range - -97-107
-Clinical manifestations - -Signs and symptoms
-Comminuted bone fracture - -
-Common pressure point areas - -Ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, thigh, lef, and heel
-Compartment Syndrome - -Pressure within the muscle builds to dangerous levels, decreases blood flow
and oxygenation to nerves and muscles.
-Complete remission - -All S/S of cancer have disappeared
-Congenital immunodeficiency - -Genetic abnormality
-Cure - -Complete remission for 5+ years
