NURS 316 Unit 2 Chapter 3 Test
Questions and Correct Answers
A client with poor arterial circulation in the lower limbs has developed areas of
inflammation and "weeping" clear serous exudate. Since chronic inflammation lasts for
a long time, it has been associated with which of the following changes in physiological
response? Select all that apply.
A) Formation and development of new blood vessels
B) The death of one or more cells in the body within a localized area
C) Release of a number of potent inflammatory mediators, altering adhesive properties
D) Regulation and modulation of the immune response through synthesis and release of
inflammatory mediators
E) Release of scavenger cells capable of engulfing bacteria through phagocytosis.
✅A) Formation and development of new blood vessels
B) The death of one or more cells in the body within a localized area
During a lecture on inflammation, the physiology instructor discusses the major cellular
components involved in the inflammation response. They ask "Which of the following
cells arrives early in great numbers?"
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Monocytes ✅C) Neutrophils
A diabetic client has injured his foot while walking barefoot on the lawn. On admission,
which of the following assessment findings would be considered a localized cardinal
sign of acute inflammation?
A) Temperature of 101 degrees F
B) Fatigue with listlessness
C) Redness and edema at that injury
D) Urine output of less then 500mL/24 hours ✅C) Redness and edema at that injury
An older adult client has just sheared the skin on her elbow while trying to boost up in
bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation in the region of the wound.
Which of the following events will occur during the vascular stage of the client's
inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into the interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris ✅A) Outpouring of exudate into the interstitial
spaces
, A client cuts herself with a sharp knife while cooking dinner. The client describes how
the wound started bleeding and had a red appearance almost immediately. The nurse
knows that in the vascular stage of acute inflammation, the vessels:
A) Bleed profusely until the body can compensate and start to send fibrinogen to the
wound
B) Vasodilate causing the area to become congested causing the red colour and
warmth
C) Constrict as result of "fight/flight" hormone release resulting in pale-coloured skin
D) Swell to the point of compromising circulation causing the limb to become cool to
tough ✅B) Vasodilate causing the area to become congested causing the red colour
and warmth
A group of teenagers spent an entire day on the beach without using sunscreen. The
first night, their skin was reddened and painful to touch. The second day, they awoke to
find large fluid-filled blisters over several body areas. The nurse recognizes the
development of blisters as which type of inflammatory response?
A) Cellular response
B) Immediate transient response
C) Continuous response
D) Delayed response ✅D) Delayed response
During lecture on wound care, the instructor mentions the final stage of cellular
response of acute inflammation. Which of the following describes what physiologically
occurs.
A) Leukocytes accumulate and begin migration to the site of the injury
B) Chemokines direct the trafficking of leukocytes
C) Mediators are transformed into inactive metabolites
D) Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and degrade the bacteria/ cellular
debris ✅D) Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and degrade the
bacteria/ cellular debris
A client presents to the clinic with a swollen, painful "hang nail" on their index finger.
There is a large pustule over the site that needs to be lanced. The nurse knows that
which mediator of inflammation causes this increase in capillary permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide ✅C) Bradykinin
A client has an abscess in the mouth with a profuse amount of thick creamy, white
exudate. The nurse knows this wound with necrotic cells is classified as:
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous ✅D) Membranous
Questions and Correct Answers
A client with poor arterial circulation in the lower limbs has developed areas of
inflammation and "weeping" clear serous exudate. Since chronic inflammation lasts for
a long time, it has been associated with which of the following changes in physiological
response? Select all that apply.
A) Formation and development of new blood vessels
B) The death of one or more cells in the body within a localized area
C) Release of a number of potent inflammatory mediators, altering adhesive properties
D) Regulation and modulation of the immune response through synthesis and release of
inflammatory mediators
E) Release of scavenger cells capable of engulfing bacteria through phagocytosis.
✅A) Formation and development of new blood vessels
B) The death of one or more cells in the body within a localized area
During a lecture on inflammation, the physiology instructor discusses the major cellular
components involved in the inflammation response. They ask "Which of the following
cells arrives early in great numbers?"
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Monocytes ✅C) Neutrophils
A diabetic client has injured his foot while walking barefoot on the lawn. On admission,
which of the following assessment findings would be considered a localized cardinal
sign of acute inflammation?
A) Temperature of 101 degrees F
B) Fatigue with listlessness
C) Redness and edema at that injury
D) Urine output of less then 500mL/24 hours ✅C) Redness and edema at that injury
An older adult client has just sheared the skin on her elbow while trying to boost up in
bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation in the region of the wound.
Which of the following events will occur during the vascular stage of the client's
inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into the interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris ✅A) Outpouring of exudate into the interstitial
spaces
, A client cuts herself with a sharp knife while cooking dinner. The client describes how
the wound started bleeding and had a red appearance almost immediately. The nurse
knows that in the vascular stage of acute inflammation, the vessels:
A) Bleed profusely until the body can compensate and start to send fibrinogen to the
wound
B) Vasodilate causing the area to become congested causing the red colour and
warmth
C) Constrict as result of "fight/flight" hormone release resulting in pale-coloured skin
D) Swell to the point of compromising circulation causing the limb to become cool to
tough ✅B) Vasodilate causing the area to become congested causing the red colour
and warmth
A group of teenagers spent an entire day on the beach without using sunscreen. The
first night, their skin was reddened and painful to touch. The second day, they awoke to
find large fluid-filled blisters over several body areas. The nurse recognizes the
development of blisters as which type of inflammatory response?
A) Cellular response
B) Immediate transient response
C) Continuous response
D) Delayed response ✅D) Delayed response
During lecture on wound care, the instructor mentions the final stage of cellular
response of acute inflammation. Which of the following describes what physiologically
occurs.
A) Leukocytes accumulate and begin migration to the site of the injury
B) Chemokines direct the trafficking of leukocytes
C) Mediators are transformed into inactive metabolites
D) Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and degrade the bacteria/ cellular
debris ✅D) Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and degrade the
bacteria/ cellular debris
A client presents to the clinic with a swollen, painful "hang nail" on their index finger.
There is a large pustule over the site that needs to be lanced. The nurse knows that
which mediator of inflammation causes this increase in capillary permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide ✅C) Bradykinin
A client has an abscess in the mouth with a profuse amount of thick creamy, white
exudate. The nurse knows this wound with necrotic cells is classified as:
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous ✅D) Membranous
