Nutrition 2750 Exam 2 Questions With
Complete Solutions
Malnutrition Correct Answers literally means bad nutrition -
hh hh
protein/calorie undernutrition
malnutrition diagnosis Correct Answers -inadequate cal intake
hh hh
-loss of muscle mass
-localized or generalized fluid accumulation that may mask
weight loss
-unintentional weight loss
-loss of subcutaneous fat
-diminished hand grip strength
etiology based malnutrition definition Correct Answers
hh
starvation
hh
chronic disease
acute disease
nutrition screening Correct Answers quick look at a few
hh hh
variables to judge clients risk for nutrition problems
whats the primary focus of nutrition therapy Correct Answers
hh
adequate calorie and protein intake - cal: 25-30 cal/kg/day
hh
types of oral diets Correct Answers regular, modified
hh hh
consistency, therapeutic
clear liquid or full liquid
pureed
,mechanically altered
soft
clear liquid diet Correct Answers clear and liquid at room temp:
hh hh
mostly water and carbs; minimal digestion, nutritionally
inadequate.
examples: water, coffee, tea, broth, clear juice, pop, jello,
popsicle
when? prep for bowel surgery or colonoscopy, acute GI
disorders, transitional feeding after parenteral nutrition
full liquid diet Correct Answers liquid at room temp; more
hh hh
variety and nutritional support than clear liquid. includes all
clear liquid diet, plus milk, soup, veggie/fruit juice, plain ice
cream and sherbert, pudding, strained fruits and veggies
pureed diet Correct Answers liquids and foods pureed to liquid
hh hh
form
soft diet Correct Answers whole foods low in fiber, lightly
hh hh
seasoned, and easily digested
soft on GI tract
noodles/bread
mechanically alterd diet Correct Answers - regular diet that is
hh hh
modified in texture only: foods that require minimal chewing
,before swallowing for limited chewing ability, swallowing
problems
o Jaw surgery
o Swallowing problems
enteral nutrition Correct Answers - Commercial formula given
hh hh
by a tube into stomach or small intestine
- Indicated when adequate nutrients and cals cannot be taken
orally; but client has partially functioning GI system-at least
lower half
- May augment oral diet or be used alone
enteral nutrition often used for clients who Correct Answers
hh
altered consciousness, neuromuscular impairment, preemies,
hh
obstruction of upper Gi, lack of appetite d/t disease such as
cancer, burn injuries
enteral misc. (notes from missed class) Correct Answers
hh
Jejunum=absorption issue
hh
- Most commonly in stomach
- Need to have way to get out
- Augment-along with
which enteral routes are surgically created ostomy - long term
Correct Answers Gastronomy (gt or g tube)
hh hh
jejunostomy (jt or j tube)
which skin level device allows more free movement Correct
hh
Answers mickey button
hh
, which enteral routes are nasal tubes - short term Correct
hh
Answers nasogastric (NG)
hh
nasojejunal (NJ)
standard feeding formula enteral Correct Answers composed of
hh hh
whole proteins
hydrolyzed feeding formula enteral Correct Answers partially
hh hh
digested proteins: for those with impaired digestion/absorption
(pancreatic; GI inflammatory disorders)
similarities between standard and hydrolyzed feeding Correct hh
Answers o Both composed of whole proteins, impacts pancreas,
hh
absorption issues
o Partially functioning GI tract
define isotonic and hypertonic Correct Answers § Isotonic:
hh hh
same as blood, well tolerated
§ Hypertonic: higher osmolality; hydrolyzed formulas à less
tolerated
nasogastric - when? Pros? Cons? Correct Answers short term
hh hh
(less than four weeks), functional GI tract
Pros: easy placement/removal, stomach as reservoir, intermittent
feedings, no pump
cons: high aspiration risk, nose/esophagus irritation, unasthetic
enteral feeding important considerations Correct Answers
hh
return residual volume
hh
o Safety: positioning of client and placement of tube,
assessment, and care of site
Complete Solutions
Malnutrition Correct Answers literally means bad nutrition -
hh hh
protein/calorie undernutrition
malnutrition diagnosis Correct Answers -inadequate cal intake
hh hh
-loss of muscle mass
-localized or generalized fluid accumulation that may mask
weight loss
-unintentional weight loss
-loss of subcutaneous fat
-diminished hand grip strength
etiology based malnutrition definition Correct Answers
hh
starvation
hh
chronic disease
acute disease
nutrition screening Correct Answers quick look at a few
hh hh
variables to judge clients risk for nutrition problems
whats the primary focus of nutrition therapy Correct Answers
hh
adequate calorie and protein intake - cal: 25-30 cal/kg/day
hh
types of oral diets Correct Answers regular, modified
hh hh
consistency, therapeutic
clear liquid or full liquid
pureed
,mechanically altered
soft
clear liquid diet Correct Answers clear and liquid at room temp:
hh hh
mostly water and carbs; minimal digestion, nutritionally
inadequate.
examples: water, coffee, tea, broth, clear juice, pop, jello,
popsicle
when? prep for bowel surgery or colonoscopy, acute GI
disorders, transitional feeding after parenteral nutrition
full liquid diet Correct Answers liquid at room temp; more
hh hh
variety and nutritional support than clear liquid. includes all
clear liquid diet, plus milk, soup, veggie/fruit juice, plain ice
cream and sherbert, pudding, strained fruits and veggies
pureed diet Correct Answers liquids and foods pureed to liquid
hh hh
form
soft diet Correct Answers whole foods low in fiber, lightly
hh hh
seasoned, and easily digested
soft on GI tract
noodles/bread
mechanically alterd diet Correct Answers - regular diet that is
hh hh
modified in texture only: foods that require minimal chewing
,before swallowing for limited chewing ability, swallowing
problems
o Jaw surgery
o Swallowing problems
enteral nutrition Correct Answers - Commercial formula given
hh hh
by a tube into stomach or small intestine
- Indicated when adequate nutrients and cals cannot be taken
orally; but client has partially functioning GI system-at least
lower half
- May augment oral diet or be used alone
enteral nutrition often used for clients who Correct Answers
hh
altered consciousness, neuromuscular impairment, preemies,
hh
obstruction of upper Gi, lack of appetite d/t disease such as
cancer, burn injuries
enteral misc. (notes from missed class) Correct Answers
hh
Jejunum=absorption issue
hh
- Most commonly in stomach
- Need to have way to get out
- Augment-along with
which enteral routes are surgically created ostomy - long term
Correct Answers Gastronomy (gt or g tube)
hh hh
jejunostomy (jt or j tube)
which skin level device allows more free movement Correct
hh
Answers mickey button
hh
, which enteral routes are nasal tubes - short term Correct
hh
Answers nasogastric (NG)
hh
nasojejunal (NJ)
standard feeding formula enteral Correct Answers composed of
hh hh
whole proteins
hydrolyzed feeding formula enteral Correct Answers partially
hh hh
digested proteins: for those with impaired digestion/absorption
(pancreatic; GI inflammatory disorders)
similarities between standard and hydrolyzed feeding Correct hh
Answers o Both composed of whole proteins, impacts pancreas,
hh
absorption issues
o Partially functioning GI tract
define isotonic and hypertonic Correct Answers § Isotonic:
hh hh
same as blood, well tolerated
§ Hypertonic: higher osmolality; hydrolyzed formulas à less
tolerated
nasogastric - when? Pros? Cons? Correct Answers short term
hh hh
(less than four weeks), functional GI tract
Pros: easy placement/removal, stomach as reservoir, intermittent
feedings, no pump
cons: high aspiration risk, nose/esophagus irritation, unasthetic
enteral feeding important considerations Correct Answers
hh
return residual volume
hh
o Safety: positioning of client and placement of tube,
assessment, and care of site
