Certified Lactation
Counselor Exams
Questions and
Complete Solution
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Predominant Breastfeeding - Correct Answer: Babies who receive breastmilk and other liquids (e.g.
water, minerals, vitamins, oral meds).
Breastfeeding - Correct Answer: Baby receives human milk, as well as other foods or fluids, including
formula.
Complementary Feeding - Correct Answer: Process starts when BM alone or infant formula alone is no
longer sufficient to meet nutritional requirements of infants, therefore other foods or liquids are
introduced. Typically child is between 6-23 months
3 strategies for increasing BF initiation and duration - Correct Answer: Promotion, Protection, Support
Promotion - Correct Answer: Focuses on advantages of BF on a personal, community, country, or global
level. BF to the community.
Protection - Correct Answer: Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure
BF ability to compete with commercial interests.
Includes state, local, an national laws regarding BF.
International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Subsitutes - Correct Answer: Addresses improper
marketing practices by formula companies. It is not currently a law in the US.
What does the International Code Prohibit? - Correct Answer: Distributing free formula
Giving coupons for formula
What did the AAP resolution state in regards to the International Code? - Correct Answer: No
distributing formula, discharge bags, industry written handouts.
Support - Correct Answer: Focuses on interaction of helpers with family, as well as program
development and implementation.
10 steps to successful BF - Correct Answer: 1. Written BF policy. Skin to Skin immediately after birth.
,2. Train healthcare staff
3. Inform pregnant women about benefits and management of BF
4. Help all mothers initiate BF within 1 hour after birth
5. Show mother's how to BF and maintain lactation
6. Exclusive breast milk only
7. Practice rooming in 24 hours a day
8. Encourage BF on demand
9. No artificial teats or pacifiers
10. Establishment of BF support groups
Healthcare staff responsibility for working with lactating mothers include what? - Correct Answer: 1.
Training
2. Minimum of 20 hours of training
3. 3 hours of competency verification
What are the indications for providing supplementation other than breast milk? - Correct Answer: 1.
Medical condition
2. Parents request after being informed of consequences
Protocol for calculating Baby's daily needs - Correct Answer: Baby's weight x 2.5 (2.7 or 3.0 if Baby needs
to catch up weight) = daily ounces. PCP decides what the multiplier is!!!
What should be assessed 3-5 days after birth by PCP? - Correct Answer: Hydration (elimination patterns)
Body weight (no more than 7% loss)
Observe Feeding
Maternal or infant issues
What is a CLC? - Correct Answer: Nationally recognized designation awarded by the ALPP. Practice
parameters are designated by professional scope of practice.
, How many stools per day should a breast fed newborn have? - Correct Answer: 4, some yellow by day 4.
When should a baby be back to birth weight? - Correct Answer: 12-14 days post birth
How much weight should a baby gain daily? - Correct Answer: Approximately 1 ounce
Why do women supplement with formula when there is no medical need? - Correct Answer: 1. Lack of
preparation for what the newborn period would be like.
2. Lack of timely interventions
Alveoli - Correct Answer: Small glands in the breast that produce milk
At-Breast Supplementer - Correct Answer: a device that allows a supplement to be given while a baby is
actively nursing at the breast,
ex: Supplement Nursing System
Atopy - Correct Answer: hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
What is the BFHI Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - Correct Answer: Initiative by UNICEF and WHO (1991)
to support breastfeeding in hospitals and maternity centers. "The 10 Steps".
Unicef. Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Available online:
http://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm.
Bilirubin - Correct Answer: an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of
hemoglobin and excreted in bile.
CCK (cholecystokinin) - Correct Answer: Hormone that regulates the emptying of the gallbladder and
secretion of enzymes by the pancreas.
Colostrum - Correct Answer: Thick, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the
first days after birth before lactation begins. Causes a laxative effect which helps the baby pass
meconium.
Counselor Exams
Questions and
Complete Solution
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Predominant Breastfeeding - Correct Answer: Babies who receive breastmilk and other liquids (e.g.
water, minerals, vitamins, oral meds).
Breastfeeding - Correct Answer: Baby receives human milk, as well as other foods or fluids, including
formula.
Complementary Feeding - Correct Answer: Process starts when BM alone or infant formula alone is no
longer sufficient to meet nutritional requirements of infants, therefore other foods or liquids are
introduced. Typically child is between 6-23 months
3 strategies for increasing BF initiation and duration - Correct Answer: Promotion, Protection, Support
Promotion - Correct Answer: Focuses on advantages of BF on a personal, community, country, or global
level. BF to the community.
Protection - Correct Answer: Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure
BF ability to compete with commercial interests.
Includes state, local, an national laws regarding BF.
International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Subsitutes - Correct Answer: Addresses improper
marketing practices by formula companies. It is not currently a law in the US.
What does the International Code Prohibit? - Correct Answer: Distributing free formula
Giving coupons for formula
What did the AAP resolution state in regards to the International Code? - Correct Answer: No
distributing formula, discharge bags, industry written handouts.
Support - Correct Answer: Focuses on interaction of helpers with family, as well as program
development and implementation.
10 steps to successful BF - Correct Answer: 1. Written BF policy. Skin to Skin immediately after birth.
,2. Train healthcare staff
3. Inform pregnant women about benefits and management of BF
4. Help all mothers initiate BF within 1 hour after birth
5. Show mother's how to BF and maintain lactation
6. Exclusive breast milk only
7. Practice rooming in 24 hours a day
8. Encourage BF on demand
9. No artificial teats or pacifiers
10. Establishment of BF support groups
Healthcare staff responsibility for working with lactating mothers include what? - Correct Answer: 1.
Training
2. Minimum of 20 hours of training
3. 3 hours of competency verification
What are the indications for providing supplementation other than breast milk? - Correct Answer: 1.
Medical condition
2. Parents request after being informed of consequences
Protocol for calculating Baby's daily needs - Correct Answer: Baby's weight x 2.5 (2.7 or 3.0 if Baby needs
to catch up weight) = daily ounces. PCP decides what the multiplier is!!!
What should be assessed 3-5 days after birth by PCP? - Correct Answer: Hydration (elimination patterns)
Body weight (no more than 7% loss)
Observe Feeding
Maternal or infant issues
What is a CLC? - Correct Answer: Nationally recognized designation awarded by the ALPP. Practice
parameters are designated by professional scope of practice.
, How many stools per day should a breast fed newborn have? - Correct Answer: 4, some yellow by day 4.
When should a baby be back to birth weight? - Correct Answer: 12-14 days post birth
How much weight should a baby gain daily? - Correct Answer: Approximately 1 ounce
Why do women supplement with formula when there is no medical need? - Correct Answer: 1. Lack of
preparation for what the newborn period would be like.
2. Lack of timely interventions
Alveoli - Correct Answer: Small glands in the breast that produce milk
At-Breast Supplementer - Correct Answer: a device that allows a supplement to be given while a baby is
actively nursing at the breast,
ex: Supplement Nursing System
Atopy - Correct Answer: hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
What is the BFHI Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - Correct Answer: Initiative by UNICEF and WHO (1991)
to support breastfeeding in hospitals and maternity centers. "The 10 Steps".
Unicef. Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Available online:
http://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm.
Bilirubin - Correct Answer: an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of
hemoglobin and excreted in bile.
CCK (cholecystokinin) - Correct Answer: Hormone that regulates the emptying of the gallbladder and
secretion of enzymes by the pancreas.
Colostrum - Correct Answer: Thick, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the
first days after birth before lactation begins. Causes a laxative effect which helps the baby pass
meconium.
