NCLEX-RN EXAM REVIEW GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the normal ranges for PT? What is PT used to help regulate? What is the therapeutic range? ✔ ✔ 11-12.5 is a normal PT range
PT is used to help regulate Coumadin dosages. The therapeutic range: 1.5 to 2 times normal or control
What are the normal ranges for INR? What type of patients should have individualized values
What should the values be for those patients? ✔ ✔ 0.8-1.1 normal INR
Individualized values for pts with:
Afib and DVT between 2.0 and 3.0
mechanical heart valves between 3.0 to 4.0
What are the normal ranges for PTT and aPTT? What do they help regulate? What is the therapeutic range? ✔ ✔ normal range PTT: 60-70
normal range aPTT: 30-40
Both PTT and aPTT are used to help regulate heparin dosages. Therapeutic range is 1.5 to 2.5 times normal or control
What are the 7 Rights of medication administration? ✔ ✔ 1. Right drug
2. right dose
3. Right route
4. Right time
5. Right patient
6. Right documentation
7. Right to refuse
When should you draw a peak level? ✔ ✔ 30-60 minutes after medication administration
When should you draw a trough level? ✔ ✔ 30-60 minutes before medication administration
When introducing foods to infants what should you teach the new parents? ✔ ✔ Introduce one food at a time to help identify allergies.
Progression of food should be "AS TOLERATED" The nursing assessment guides decisions about progression.
What is civil law concerned with? ✔ ✔ Protection of the patients private rights
What does criminal law deal with? ✔ ✔ Rights of individuals and society as defined by legislative laws
What is nursing negligence ✔ ✔ Negligence is malpractice that
is NOT intentional. It is the failure to exercise the proper degree
of care required by the circumstances that a reasonably prudent person would exercise under the circumstances to avoid harming others. It is a careless act of omission or commission that results in injury to another.
What is nursing malpractice? ✔ ✔ Malpractice is not always negligence. It is often referred to as professional negligence, it is a type of negligence. It is the failure to use that degree of care that a reasonable nurse would use under the same or similar circumstances. Malpractice is found when:
*The nurse owed a duty to the patient
*The nurse did NOT carry out the duty/breached that duty
*The patient was at a high risk of injury * The nurse's failure to carry out that duty caused the patients injury
Where do Standards of Care originate? ✔ ✔ Nurses are required to follow standards of care, which originate in the Nurse Practice Acts, state and federal laws, accreditation recommendations, the guidelines of professional organizations,
and the written policies and procedures of the healthcare agency
What are nurses responsible for related to the standards of care? ✔ ✔ Nurses are responsible for performing procedures correctly and exercising professional judgment when implementing healthcare providers prescriptions.
When can the nurse NOT follow the healthcare provider's prescription and what must they do about it? ✔ ✔ Nurses MUST follow the healthcare provider's prescription unless the nurse believes that it is in error; that it violates hospital policy; or that it is harmful to the patient. The nurse makes a formal report explaining the refusal. The nurse should file an incident (occurrence) report for any situation that may result in harm to the patient.
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the normal ranges for PT? What is PT used to help regulate? What is the therapeutic range? ✔ ✔ 11-12.5 is a normal PT range
PT is used to help regulate Coumadin dosages. The therapeutic range: 1.5 to 2 times normal or control
What are the normal ranges for INR? What type of patients should have individualized values
What should the values be for those patients? ✔ ✔ 0.8-1.1 normal INR
Individualized values for pts with:
Afib and DVT between 2.0 and 3.0
mechanical heart valves between 3.0 to 4.0
What are the normal ranges for PTT and aPTT? What do they help regulate? What is the therapeutic range? ✔ ✔ normal range PTT: 60-70
normal range aPTT: 30-40
Both PTT and aPTT are used to help regulate heparin dosages. Therapeutic range is 1.5 to 2.5 times normal or control
What are the 7 Rights of medication administration? ✔ ✔ 1. Right drug
2. right dose
3. Right route
4. Right time
5. Right patient
6. Right documentation
7. Right to refuse
When should you draw a peak level? ✔ ✔ 30-60 minutes after medication administration
When should you draw a trough level? ✔ ✔ 30-60 minutes before medication administration
When introducing foods to infants what should you teach the new parents? ✔ ✔ Introduce one food at a time to help identify allergies.
Progression of food should be "AS TOLERATED" The nursing assessment guides decisions about progression.
What is civil law concerned with? ✔ ✔ Protection of the patients private rights
What does criminal law deal with? ✔ ✔ Rights of individuals and society as defined by legislative laws
What is nursing negligence ✔ ✔ Negligence is malpractice that
is NOT intentional. It is the failure to exercise the proper degree
of care required by the circumstances that a reasonably prudent person would exercise under the circumstances to avoid harming others. It is a careless act of omission or commission that results in injury to another.
What is nursing malpractice? ✔ ✔ Malpractice is not always negligence. It is often referred to as professional negligence, it is a type of negligence. It is the failure to use that degree of care that a reasonable nurse would use under the same or similar circumstances. Malpractice is found when:
*The nurse owed a duty to the patient
*The nurse did NOT carry out the duty/breached that duty
*The patient was at a high risk of injury * The nurse's failure to carry out that duty caused the patients injury
Where do Standards of Care originate? ✔ ✔ Nurses are required to follow standards of care, which originate in the Nurse Practice Acts, state and federal laws, accreditation recommendations, the guidelines of professional organizations,
and the written policies and procedures of the healthcare agency
What are nurses responsible for related to the standards of care? ✔ ✔ Nurses are responsible for performing procedures correctly and exercising professional judgment when implementing healthcare providers prescriptions.
When can the nurse NOT follow the healthcare provider's prescription and what must they do about it? ✔ ✔ Nurses MUST follow the healthcare provider's prescription unless the nurse believes that it is in error; that it violates hospital policy; or that it is harmful to the patient. The nurse makes a formal report explaining the refusal. The nurse should file an incident (occurrence) report for any situation that may result in harm to the patient.
