Nursing 460- Critical Care Test 3 Questions and Answers

Nursing 460 - Critical Care Test 3 Questions and Answers Most common causes of acute liver failure ✅toxins/drugs (esp. Acetaminophen ), viral hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), vascular - hypo perfusion/ shock states/ ischemia), metabolic - Wilson's disease (acute fatty liver of pregnancy) Management of acute liver failure ✅whichever body system(s) is/are having issues thereby causing liver injury, support that/those systems (respiratory, circulatory, neuro, coagulopathy, GI, renal, infection, metabolic) Type of liver failure primarily seen in ICU ✅Chronic liver failure Consequence of chronic liver disease ✅cirrhosis Most common causes of cirrhosis ✅excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease Hepatotoxicity occurs when acetaminophen dose is... ✅>10 grams/24 hours Prolonged portal hypertension leads to the development of ✅varices (fragile distended veins) in the lower esophagus, stomach and rectum - can lead to variceal hemorrhage; hepatorenal syndrome; ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdomen); hepatic encephalopathy (disrupted CNS function with altered consciousness); right sided heart failure Decompensated liver disease (definition) ✅inflammation (hepatitis) and injury to the liver resulting in severe scarring (cirrhosing) Shock ✅systemic response to a decrease in perfusion to tissues and organs leading to poor gas and nutrition exchange Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) ✅2-120 Right ventricle resistance/afterload Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) ✅770-1500 Left ventricle resistance/afterload Contractility ✅strength and volume of the pump