CHILD DEVELOPMENT TEST CHAPTERS 8-10 (EARLY CHILDHOOD) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

CHILD DEVELOPMENT TEST CHAPTERS 8 -10 (EARLY CHILDHOOD) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024 Body changes - ANSWER many children are overfed, and it is continuing to increase. This causes risk of later health issues. Many consume too much sugar and too little calcium and other nutrients. Children need to visit the dentist and brush their teeth years before their permanent teeth erupt. Culture, income, and family customs all affect children's growth. Children of low -income families are twice as likely to be overweight as their wealthier counterparts. Brain Development - ANSWER The brain continues to grow, reaching 75% it's adult weight at age 2 and 90% by age 6. Lateralization helps the brain specialize and allows left -right coordination. Lateralization - ANSWER "sidedness". Referring to the specialization in certain functions by each side of the brain, with one side dominant for each activity. The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa. myelination - ANSWER myelin (white matter of the brain) Axons become coated with myelin, a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron. Causes most of increased brain weight. Corpus Callosum - ANSWER myelinates rapidly. A long, thick band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain and allows communication between them. the prefrontal cortex - ANSWER known as the executive of the brain what areas of the brain deal with the expression and regulation of emotions? - ANSWER amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus amygdala - ANSWER tiny brain structure that registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety hippocampus - ANSWER brain structure that is a central processor of memory, especially memory for locations hypothalamus - ANSWER brain area that responds to the amygdala and the hippocampus to produce hormones that activate other parts of the body impulse control - ANSWER the ability to postpone or deny the immediate response to an idea or behavior perseveration - ANSWER the tendency to preserve in, or stick to, one thought or action for a long time stress and childhood trauma - ANSWER cortisol can be produced, and too much can damage the brain and interfere with learning. however, some stress aids learning if reassurance is also present improving motor skills - ANSWER gross motor skills continue to develop children's main activity is play. playing with other children in safe places helps develop skills that benefit children. Urbanization and chemical pollutants are two factors that hamper the development of motor skills. high lead levels in the blood can impair the brain fine motor skills are difficult to master during early childhood. children enjoy expressing themselves artistically, which helps them develop their body and finger control.