NUR350 Final Summer Study Set Exam

NUR350 Final Summer Study Set Exam What are the nursing interventions and treatments for URIs? - Ans wer - rest - fluids (H2O, thin out mucous) - antipyretics (Tylenol, 103F) - analgesia - decongestants - cough suppressants What do we do for a patient in respiratory distress with an URI? - Answer - high Fowler - incentive spirometer What are the nursing interventions for bronchodilators? - Ans wer - Assess BP, pulse, respiration, and lung sounds - secretions - ECG and chest pa in What breathing exercised promote airway clearance? - Answer - pursed lip breathing- diaphragmatic breathing What is important with nutrition in patients with pneumonia? - Ans wer - adequate hydration - increase calories - increase nutrients What do we as nurses encourage for those woth pneumonia? - Answer - coughing - deep breathing - incentive spirometer 6. You're educating a patient with pneumonia on how to de ep breathe by using an incentive spirometer. Which of the following is the correct way to use this device?* A. Encourage the patient to use it twice a day. B. The patient exhales into the device rapidly and then coughs. C. The patient inhales slowly from the device until no longer abl e, and then holds breath for 6 seconds and exhales. D. The patient rapidly inhales 10 times from the device - Answer C. Th e patient inhales slowly from the device until no longer able, and then holds breat h for 6 seconds and exhales. 9. Which of the following statements are incorrect about disc harge teaching that you would provide to a patient with COPD? Select-all-that-apply:* A. "It is best to eat three large meals a day that are relatively low in ca lories." B. "Avoid going outside during extremely hot or cold days." C. "It is important to receive the Pneumovax vaccine annually." D. "Smoking cessation can help improve your symptoms." - Answer The answe rs are A and C. The patient needs to eat high calorie and protein r ich meals that are small but frequent. The Pneumovax is definitely recommended for patients wi th COPD but is given every 5 years (not annually). 10. A patient is ordered by the physician to take Pulmicort and Spiriva vi a inhaler. How should the patient take this medication?*A. The patient shoul d use the medications every 2 hours for acute episodes of shortness of breath.B. The pa tient should use the Spiriva first and then 5 minutes later the Pulmicort.C. The patient should use the Pulmicort first and then the Spiriva 5 minutes later.D. The patient sh ould use the medications at the same exact time, regardless of the order . - Answer The answer is B. The patient should use the bronchodilator first which is the Spiriva to open the airways and THEN the Pulmicort which is a corticosteroid. Using the inhalers in this order will allow the corticosteroid to work properly after the lung fields are opened due to bronchodilation. What are the safety concerns that staff needs to be aware of wit h "active TB" infection? - Answer - neg pressure iso room - N95, gown, gloves What are the NI for pneumonia? - Answer - chest physiotherap y , - high fowlers - cough deep breath - antibiotics - monitoring O2 - get up and move - PO fluids 14. You are providing care to a patient with COPD who is receivi ng medical treatment for exacerbation. The patient has a history of diabetes, hypert ension, and hyperlipidemia. The patient is experiencing extreme hyperglycemia . In addition, the patient has multiple areas of bruising on the arms and legs. Which med ication ordered for this patient can cause hyperglycemia and bruising?* A. Prednisone B. Atrovent C. Flagyl D. Levaquin - Answer A. Prednisone Apatient is taking Streptomycin. Which finding below requires the nu rse to notify the physician?* A. Patient reports a change in vision. B. Patient reports a metallic taste in the mouth. C. The patient has ringing in their ears. D. The patient has a persistent dry cough. - Answer The answer is C. T his medication can be very toxic to the ears (cranial nerve 8). Therefore, it is al arming if the patient reports ringing in their ears, which could represent ototoxicity. A patient with asthma is prescribed to take inhaled Salmeterol and Fluticasone for long-term management of asthma. You observe the patient taking t hese medications. Which option below best describes the correct order in how t o take these medications?* A. The patient inhales the Salmeterol first and then waits 5 minutes b efore inhaling the Fluticasone. B. The patient inhales the Fluticasone first and then waits 5 mi nutes before inhaling the Salmeterol. C. The patient inhales the Salmeterol first and then waits 1 minute b efore inhaling the Fluticasone. D. The patient inhales the Fluticasone and immediately inhales th e Salmeterol. - Answer The answer is A. The bronchodilator inhaler (Salmeterol) is administe red first to open up the airways. Then, the patient is to wait five minutes and then admini ster the corticosteroid (Fluticasone). The bronchodilator will open t he airways so the corticosteroid can easily enter the airways to decrease inflammatio n. What is the patient education for prednisone? - Answer What is ipratopium and what is is used to treat? - Answer