APEA PREDICTOR FINAL EXAM TESTBANK
WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL
EXPLAINED
1. During pregnancy, dyspnea accompanied by increased respiratory
rate, cough, rales, or respiratory distress raises concerns of:
peripartum cardiomyopathy
Explanation:
Dyspnea accompanied by increased respiratory rate, cough, rales, or
respiratory distress raises concerns of possible infection, asthma, pulmonary
embolus, or peripartum cardiomyopathy.
2. The middle section of the thoracic cavity containing the esophagus,
trachea, heart, and great vessels is the:
mediastinum
Explanation:
The middle section of the thoracic cavity containing the esophagus,
trachea, heart, and great vessels is the mediastinum. The right and left
pleural cavities, are on either side of the mediastinum and those contain
the lungs. The visceral pleura encloses the lung. The pericardium
surrounds the heart.
3. A patient is unable to identify the smell of an orange. This
inability could reflect an abnormality in cranial nerves:
CN I
Explanation:
Cranial Nerve I is the olfactory nerve responsible for the sense of smell.
To test the sense of smell, the examiner presents the patient with familiar
and nonirritating odors. A person should normally perceive odor on each
side and correctly identify the source. Cranial Nerves II and III assess
vision and pupillary reaction. Cranial Nerve VIII tests the hearing and
balance.
4. A transient ischemic attack is:
a transient episode of neurologic dysfunction by focal brain, spinal cord,
or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction
Explanation:
TIA is now defined as “a transient episode of neurological dysfunction
,caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute
infarction.” Ischemic stroke is “an infarction of central nervous system
tissue” that may be symptomatic or silent. The other terms are not related
to the new definitions.
5. The term asteatosis refers to:
skin that is dry, flaky, rough, and often itchy
Explanation:
Physiologic changes of aging include loss of elastic turgor, and wrinkling.
Skin that appears dry, flaky, rough, and itchy is termed asteatosis. Sun
exposure can cause damage to the skin resembling an appearance as
weather beaten, thickened, yellowed, and deeply furrowed.
Seborrheic keratosis appear as raised, yellowish lesions that feel
greasy, velvety, or warty. Painful vesicular lesions in a dermatomal
distribution may suggest herpes zoster.
,6. An enlarged liver with a smooth tender edge may suggest:
right-sided heart failure.
Explanation:
An enlarged liver with a smooth, tender edge suggests inflammation, as
in hepatitis, or venous congestion, as in right-sided heart failure.
Cirrhosis, hematochromatosis (increased amount of iron in the blood),
and lymphoma produce an enlarged liver with a firm, nontender edge.
An enlarged liver that is firm or hard and has an irregular edge or
surface suggests hepatocellular carcinoma.
7. New onset hypertension with proteinuria or end-organ damage is:
preeclampsia
Explanation:
Chronic hypertension occurs when systolic BP (SBP) >140 mm Hg or
diastolic BP (DBP) >90 mm Hg documented prior to pregnancy, before 20
weeks, or beyond 12 weeks postpartum.
Gestational hypertension refers to elevated blood pressure detected after
20 weeks gestation in the absence of proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia occurs in
a woman who was previously normotensive but now has new onset
hypertension with either proteinuria or end-organ damage. Primary
hypertension, formerly known as essential hypertension, is a disorder
which is associated with elevated blood pressure and an unidentifiable
cause.
8. The psoas muscle group and muscles of the abdominal wall assist with:
flexion
Explanation:
The psoas muscle group and muscles of the abdominal wall assist with
flexion. The deep intrinsic muscles of the back assist with extension. The
abdominal muscles and intrinsic muscles of the back assist with rotation.
Lateral bending uses the abdominal muscles and intrinsic muscles of the
back.
9. "Preterm small for gestational age" (SGA) infants are prone to:
hypocalcemia
Explanation:
"Preterm appropriate for gestational age" (AGA) infants are prone to
respiratory distress syndrome, apnea, patent ductus arteriosus with left-
, to-right shunt, and infection. "Preterm small for gestational age" (SGA)
infants are more likely to experience asphyxia, hypoglycemia, and
hypocalcemia.
10.Swelling noted 1-2 inches below the knee joint and on the medial
surface of the knee would be suggestive of:
WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL
EXPLAINED
1. During pregnancy, dyspnea accompanied by increased respiratory
rate, cough, rales, or respiratory distress raises concerns of:
peripartum cardiomyopathy
Explanation:
Dyspnea accompanied by increased respiratory rate, cough, rales, or
respiratory distress raises concerns of possible infection, asthma, pulmonary
embolus, or peripartum cardiomyopathy.
2. The middle section of the thoracic cavity containing the esophagus,
trachea, heart, and great vessels is the:
mediastinum
Explanation:
The middle section of the thoracic cavity containing the esophagus,
trachea, heart, and great vessels is the mediastinum. The right and left
pleural cavities, are on either side of the mediastinum and those contain
the lungs. The visceral pleura encloses the lung. The pericardium
surrounds the heart.
3. A patient is unable to identify the smell of an orange. This
inability could reflect an abnormality in cranial nerves:
CN I
Explanation:
Cranial Nerve I is the olfactory nerve responsible for the sense of smell.
To test the sense of smell, the examiner presents the patient with familiar
and nonirritating odors. A person should normally perceive odor on each
side and correctly identify the source. Cranial Nerves II and III assess
vision and pupillary reaction. Cranial Nerve VIII tests the hearing and
balance.
4. A transient ischemic attack is:
a transient episode of neurologic dysfunction by focal brain, spinal cord,
or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction
Explanation:
TIA is now defined as “a transient episode of neurological dysfunction
,caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute
infarction.” Ischemic stroke is “an infarction of central nervous system
tissue” that may be symptomatic or silent. The other terms are not related
to the new definitions.
5. The term asteatosis refers to:
skin that is dry, flaky, rough, and often itchy
Explanation:
Physiologic changes of aging include loss of elastic turgor, and wrinkling.
Skin that appears dry, flaky, rough, and itchy is termed asteatosis. Sun
exposure can cause damage to the skin resembling an appearance as
weather beaten, thickened, yellowed, and deeply furrowed.
Seborrheic keratosis appear as raised, yellowish lesions that feel
greasy, velvety, or warty. Painful vesicular lesions in a dermatomal
distribution may suggest herpes zoster.
,6. An enlarged liver with a smooth tender edge may suggest:
right-sided heart failure.
Explanation:
An enlarged liver with a smooth, tender edge suggests inflammation, as
in hepatitis, or venous congestion, as in right-sided heart failure.
Cirrhosis, hematochromatosis (increased amount of iron in the blood),
and lymphoma produce an enlarged liver with a firm, nontender edge.
An enlarged liver that is firm or hard and has an irregular edge or
surface suggests hepatocellular carcinoma.
7. New onset hypertension with proteinuria or end-organ damage is:
preeclampsia
Explanation:
Chronic hypertension occurs when systolic BP (SBP) >140 mm Hg or
diastolic BP (DBP) >90 mm Hg documented prior to pregnancy, before 20
weeks, or beyond 12 weeks postpartum.
Gestational hypertension refers to elevated blood pressure detected after
20 weeks gestation in the absence of proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia occurs in
a woman who was previously normotensive but now has new onset
hypertension with either proteinuria or end-organ damage. Primary
hypertension, formerly known as essential hypertension, is a disorder
which is associated with elevated blood pressure and an unidentifiable
cause.
8. The psoas muscle group and muscles of the abdominal wall assist with:
flexion
Explanation:
The psoas muscle group and muscles of the abdominal wall assist with
flexion. The deep intrinsic muscles of the back assist with extension. The
abdominal muscles and intrinsic muscles of the back assist with rotation.
Lateral bending uses the abdominal muscles and intrinsic muscles of the
back.
9. "Preterm small for gestational age" (SGA) infants are prone to:
hypocalcemia
Explanation:
"Preterm appropriate for gestational age" (AGA) infants are prone to
respiratory distress syndrome, apnea, patent ductus arteriosus with left-
, to-right shunt, and infection. "Preterm small for gestational age" (SGA)
infants are more likely to experience asphyxia, hypoglycemia, and
hypocalcemia.
10.Swelling noted 1-2 inches below the knee joint and on the medial
surface of the knee would be suggestive of:
