NSG 210 Clotting Questions and Answers New (2024/2025) Solved 100% Correct

A 28-year-old female patient inquires about options for contraception. The nurse recognizes that if the patient takes an estrogen-based oral contraceptive, her risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) doubles based on what statement that is made by the patient? a. "I smoke 1 ½ packs of cigarettes a day." b. "I have a job as a waitress." c. "I like to sit in my hot tub in the evenings." d. "It's been three years since my last child was born." - A Women of childbearing age who take estrogen-based oral contraceptives or postmenopausal women on oral hormone therapy (HT) are at increased risk for VTE. Women who use oral contraceptives and tobacco double their risk. Smoking causes hypercoagulability by increasing plasma fibrinogen and homocysteine levels and activating the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Occupations in which a patient is mobile, hot tub use, and previous childbirth do not indicate increased risk of VTE. A 46-year-old service-counter worker undergoes sclerotherapy for treatment of superficial varicose veins at an outpatient center. Which instructions should the nurse provide to the patient before discharge? a. Sitting at the work counter, rather than standing, is recommended. b. Exercise, such as walking or jogging, can cause recurrence of varicosities. c. Elastic compression stockings should be applied before getting out of bed. d. Taking an aspirin daily will help prevent clots from forming around venous valves. - ANS: C Elastic compression stockings are applied with the legs elevated to reduce pressure in the lower legs. Walking is recommended to prevent recurrent varicosities. Sitting and standing are both risk factors for varicose veins and venous insufficiency. An aspirin a day is not adequate to prevent venous thrombosis and would not be recommended for the patient who had just had sclerotherapy. A 67-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of venous insufficiency. Which patient statement is most supportive of the diagnosis? a. "I can't get my shoes on at the end of the day." b. "I can't seem to ever get my feet warm enough." c. "I have burning leg pains after I walk two blocks."d. "I wake up during the night because my legs hurt." - ANS: A Because the edema associated with venous insufficiency increases when the patient has been standing, shoes will feel tighter at the end of the day. The other patient statements are characteristic of peripheral artery disease (PAD). A 73-year-old patient with chronic atrial fibrillation develops sudden severe pain, pulselessness, pallor, and coolness in the right leg. The nurse should notify the health care provider and immediately a. apply a compression stocking to the leg. b. elevate the leg above the level of the heart. c. assist the patient in gently exercising the leg. d. keep the patient in bed in the supine position. - ANS: D