Pharmacology- Diabetes Study Guide Test.

Pharmacology- Diabetes Study Guide Test. diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER diabetes caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin and characterized by polyuria hypoglycemic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER or (insulin shock), may result during medication peak or when more medication was administered than needed for glucose metabolism. tachycardia, confusion, sweating and drowsiness, cool, pale, moist skin, slurred speech, headache insulin - CORRECT ANSWER A hormone secreted by pancreatic beta cells that lowers blood glucose levels. It promotes the uptake of glucose by most body cells and the synthesis and storage of glycogen in the liver and also stimulates protein and fat synthesis. insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) - CORRECT ANSWER Also called type 1 diabetes mellitus; tends to develop early in life; pancreas stops producing insulin; can be autoimmune disease; patient must take insulin injections insulin shock - CORRECT ANSWER the result of too much insulin which causes a dangerous drop in blood glucose and possible coma ketoacidosis - CORRECT ANSWER High levels of acids (ketones) in the blood; occurring in diabetes mellitus (type 2) when cells burn high levels of fats (producing ketones) because sugar is not available as fuel. lipodystrophy - CORRECT ANSWER atrophy of subcutaneous tissue and may occur if the same injection site is used too frequently; prevented by rotation of injection sites non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) - CORRECT ANSWER type II diabetes: metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. 90% cases were preventable oral antidiabetic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER Used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes that is not controlled by diet and exercise alone. Not effective for treating type I diabetes. Types of oral antidiabetic drugs (sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha(a)-glucosidase inhibitors, menglitinides, thiazolidinediones.